4月18日，日本京都大學(xué)的研究小組發(fā)布報(bào)告說,，他們利用小鼠試驗(yàn),，發(fā)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)放射治療后癌細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移的機(jī)制，并可通過遏制這類細(xì)胞的轉(zhuǎn)移,，防止癌癥的復(fù)發(fā),，有望開發(fā)出新的癌癥療法。相關(guān)論文刊登在英國《自然—通訊》（Nature Communications）上,。
放射治療是與手術(shù),、化療并列的癌癥三大治療手段之一，這一療法利用各種不同能量的射線照射腫瘤,，以抑制和殺滅癌細(xì)胞,。放療可單獨(dú)使用，也可與手術(shù),、化療等配合使用,。
研究人員將人體的癌細(xì)胞移植到小鼠體內(nèi)，然后用放射線照射,，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),，一種“HIF－1陰性低氧癌細(xì)胞”在放療翌日，就開始向血管轉(zhuǎn)移,。
研究小組解釋說,，放療后，“HIF－1陰性低氧癌細(xì)胞”內(nèi)的“HIF－1”基因被激活,，導(dǎo)致轉(zhuǎn)移的發(fā)生,。研究小組認(rèn)為，由于“HIF－1陰性低氧癌細(xì)胞”的分裂周期與其他癌細(xì)胞不同,，所以放療難以對(duì)其發(fā)揮作用,。
研究小組還發(fā)現(xiàn),，如果利用相關(guān)藥物阻止“HIF－1陰性低氧癌細(xì)胞”轉(zhuǎn)移，就能有效防止放療后的癌癥復(fù)發(fā),。
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這個(gè)研究小組的京都大學(xué)講師原田浩說,，將來可通過集中對(duì)“HIF－1陰性低氧癌細(xì)胞”照射高能量放射線，達(dá)到防止癌癥復(fù)發(fā)的目的,。此外,，還可開發(fā)出阻止這種細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移或在它轉(zhuǎn)移前就進(jìn)行標(biāo)靶攻擊的治療方法。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1038/ncomms1786
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Cancer cells that survive radiation therapy acquire HIF-1 activity and translocate towards tumour blood vessels
Hiroshi Harada; Masahiro Inoue; Satoshi Itasaka; Kiichi Hirota; Akiyo Morinibu; Kazumi Shinomiya; Lihua Zeng; Guangfei Ou; Yuxi Zhu; Michio Yoshimura; W. Gillies McKenna; Ruth J. Muschel; Masahiro Hiraoka
Tumour recurrence frequently occurs after radiotherapy, but the characteristics, intratumoural localization and post-irradiation behaviour of radioresistant cancer cells remain largely unknown. Here we develop a sophisticated strategy to track the post-irradiation fate of the cells, which exist in perinecrotic regions at the time of radiation. Although the perinecrotic tumour cells are originally hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1)-negative, they acquire HIF-1 activity after surviving radiation, which triggers their translocation towards tumour blood vessels. HIF-1 inhibitors suppress the translocation and decrease the incidence of post-irradiation tumour recurrence. For the first time, our data unveil the HIF-1-dependent cellular dynamics during post-irradiation tumour recurrence and provide a rational basis for targeting HIF-1 after radiation therapy.
