近日,英國倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)一個名為miR-27a的分子,,其在促使前列腺癌癥腫瘤生長過程中扮演著重要角色,,未來可能成為前列腺癌癥治療的一個新靶點。這一研究成果發(fā)表在《人類分子遺傳學(xué)》(Human Molecular Genetics)雜志上,。
前列腺癌是發(fā)生于男性前列腺組織中的惡性腫瘤,。在歐美,它是男性最?;嫉陌┌Y之一,,僅在英國,每年就有大約36000人被診斷出患上該種疾病,。前列腺癌的確切病因至今尚未明確,,據(jù)信如基因和飲食等多種因素與其有關(guān),。而前列腺癌癥腫瘤的生長則與雄性激素有關(guān),雄性激素會刺激癌細胞分裂,,進而促使腫瘤生長,。
倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院研究人員在實驗中發(fā)現(xiàn),雄性激素會增加前列腺癌細胞中一種名為miR-27a的分子的數(shù)量,,而這種分子對癌細胞生長具有極大的刺激作用,,抑制這種分子,會使得前列腺癌細胞的生長速率降低一半,。這表明,,miR-27a這種分子極有可能成為前列腺癌癥治療的一個新靶點。
miR-27a屬于微核糖核酸(microRNA),。微核糖核酸在調(diào)節(jié)基因活動方面具有重要作用,,相比于蛋白質(zhì),微核糖核酸更易設(shè)計,,也更易合成可輕易進入細胞內(nèi)部的抑制分子,,因而作為一個新的治療靶點,科學(xué)家們對其更加看好,。
論文第一作者,、帝國理工學(xué)院的克萊爾·弗萊徹表示,新研究表明,,miR-27a是雄性激素與前列腺腫瘤兩者間的一個重要媒介,,有可能成為前列腺治療新方法的靶點。目前已經(jīng)證明,,在實驗室中,,抑制miR-27a分子就可以抑制前列腺腫瘤的生長,但這只是研究的第一步,,未來還有許多障礙需要克服,。他們下一步研究目標是要通過動物實驗來對研究成果進行進一步驗證,而要開發(fā)出適用于人類的新療法,,則至少還需要幾年的時間。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi: 10.1093/hmg/dds139
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Androgen-regulated processing of the oncomir MiR-27a, which targets Prohibitin in prostate cancer
Claire E. Fletcher1, D. Alwyn Dart1, Ailsa Sita-Lumsden1, Helen Cheng2, Paul S. Rennie2 and Charlotte L. Bevan1,*
MicroRNAs (miRs) play an important role in the development of many complex human diseases and may have tumour suppressor or oncogenic (oncomir) properties. Prostate cancer is initially an androgen-driven disease, and androgen receptor (AR) remains a key driver of growth even in castration-resistant tumours. However, AR-mediated oncomiR pathways remain to be elucidated. We demonstrate that miR-27a is an androgen-regulated oncomir in prostate cancer, acting via targeting the tumour suppressor and AR corepressor, Prohibitin (PHB). Increasing miR-27a expression results in reduced PHB mRNA and protein levels, and increased expression of AR target genes and prostate cancer cell growth. This involves a novel mechanism for androgen-mediated miR regulation, whereby AR induces a transient increase in miR-23a27a24-2 transcription, but more significantly accelerates processing of the primiR-23a27a24-2 cluster. Androgens therefore regulate miR-27a expression both transcriptionally (via AR binding to the cluster promoter) and post-transcriptionally (accelerating primiR processing to the mature form). We further show that a miR-27a anti-sense oligonucleotide, by opposing the effects of mir-27a, has therapeutic potential in prostate cancer.