黑色素瘤是一種惡性的皮膚癌,,也是一種主要的嚴(yán)重癌癥之一。目前治療比較困難,,因?yàn)楹谏亓鰧τ趥鹘y(tǒng)的抗生素療法有耐藥性,。來自Agnieszka Gembarska等處的研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種治療黑色素瘤的新方法,新方法可以通過與蛋白MDM4和p53之間的作用進(jìn)行反應(yīng)而治療疾病,。相關(guān)研究成果刊登在了近日的國際雜志Nature Medicine上,。
研究者的新方法為目前新藥的開發(fā)以及確定新的家和療法包括發(fā)明BRAF抑制劑提供了新的思路。研究者Chris表示,,我們的研究結(jié)果重點(diǎn)在兩個水平上,。從科學(xué)研究的層面來說,我們可以揭示p53在黑色素瘤發(fā)生過程中所扮演的重要作用,。然而,,研究者提供了可以最大化治療黑色素瘤的策略和計劃。當(dāng)前使用BRAF抑制劑的療法對于獎金80%的病人都有正面效應(yīng),,但是許多病人在數(shù)月之后疾病就會復(fù)發(fā),,因此我們希望找到一種阻止復(fù)發(fā)的新方法。
p53,,MDM4及腫瘤的形成
研究者對腫瘤抑制基因p53進(jìn)行了長期的研究,,在許多類型的癌癥中,p53都突變掉了,,但是在黑色素瘤中p53卻沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)突變,,因此科學(xué)家猜測黑色素瘤可能通過繞過p53來發(fā)病,。
蛋白MDM4對p53有負(fù)面效應(yīng),,研究者發(fā)現(xiàn),65%的黑色素瘤患者正常細(xì)胞中的MDM4水平較高,,因此科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種藥理學(xué)途徑來抑制MDM4和p53之間的反應(yīng),,來修復(fù)p53在黑色素瘤中抑制腫瘤的作用,。黑色素瘤細(xì)胞中p53功能的恢復(fù)可以使得腫瘤細(xì)胞對于化學(xué)療法和BRAF更加敏感。研究者最后表示,,MDM4可以作為一個潛在的靶點(diǎn)來設(shè)計針對黑色素瘤的療法,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
編譯自:New Line of Approach for Combination Therapy Against Melanoma
doi:10.1038/nm.2863
PMC:
PMID:
MDM4 is a key therapeutic target in cutaneous melanoma
Agnieszka Gembarska,1, 2 Flavie Luciani,1, 2 Clare Fedele,3, 4 Elisabeth A Russell,5 Michael Dewaele,1, 2 Stéphanie Villar,6 Aleksandra Zwolinska,1, 2 Sue Haupt,7, 8 Job de Lange,9 Dana Yip,10 James Goydos,10 Jody J Haigh,11, 12 Ygal Haupt,7, 8, 13 Lionel Larue,14 Aart Jochemsen,9 Hubing Shi,15, 16 Gatien Moriceau,15, 16 Roger S Lo,15, 16 Ghanem Ghanem,17 Mark Shackleton,3, 4, 7 Federico Bernal5 & Jean-Christophe Marine1, 2 .
The inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor pathway, which often occurs through mutations in TP53 (encoding tumor protein 53) is a common step in human cancer. However, in melanoma—a highly chemotherapy-resistant disease—TP53 mutations are rare, raising the possibility that this cancer uses alternative ways to overcome p53-mediated tumor suppression. Here we show that Mdm4 p53 binding protein homolog (MDM4), a negative regulator of p53, is upregulated in a substantial proportion (~65%) of stage I–IV human melanomas and that melanocyte-specific Mdm4 overexpression enhanced tumorigenesis in a mouse model of melanoma induced by the oncogene Nras. MDM4 promotes the survival of human metastatic melanoma by antagonizing p53 proapoptotic function. Notably, inhibition of the MDM4-p53 interaction restored p53 function in melanoma cells, resulting in increased sensitivity to cytotoxic chemotherapy and to inhibitors of the BRAF (V600E) oncogene. Our results identify MDM4 as a key determinant of impaired p53 function in human melanoma and designate MDM4 as a promising target for antimelanoma combination therapy.