2012年8月14日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --盡管經(jīng)過多年的精心研究,,但神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤,成人中一種最常見和致命的腦癌仍繼續(xù)有針對(duì)性地克服抑制腫瘤生長(zhǎng)的治療,。 生物學(xué)家和腫瘤學(xué)家們?cè)缇椭?,至?0%的膠質(zhì)母細(xì)胞瘤患者存在一種稱為表皮生長(zhǎng)因子受體的蛋白質(zhì)EGFR的改變。
然而,,膠質(zhì)母細(xì)胞瘤患者要么會(huì)遇到治療的前期阻力,,要么會(huì)對(duì)阻止蛋白質(zhì)功能的抑制劑迅速產(chǎn)生耐藥性,這提示表明還有另一個(gè)信號(hào)通路在神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤中發(fā)揮作用,。
近日,,美國加州大學(xué)圣迭戈分校(UCSD)和洛杉磯分校(UCLA)和圣保羅大學(xué)的研究人員在PNAS雜志上發(fā)表論文稱,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了耐藥機(jī)制的確切原因,。
早期研究表明,,抑癌基因PTEN基因在一些癌癥患者體內(nèi)可能是處于關(guān)閉狀態(tài),其功能的喪失可能造成患者患者抵抗表皮生長(zhǎng)因子受體抑制劑,。 加州大學(xué)圣迭戈分校高級(jí)研究員Frank Furnari博士說:我們不禁問自己,,PTEN基因是如何被發(fā)生改變的呢?時(shí)什么改變了改變其功能,?
研究人員專注于一種被稱為磷酸化的蛋白修飾過程,,磷酸化控制著一些蛋白質(zhì)的開啟和關(guān)閉過程,。他們映射出了PTEN基因被改變或磷酸化情況,隨后開發(fā)出一種抗體,,當(dāng)PTEN蛋白發(fā)生磷酸化時(shí)這種抗體能辨識(shí)PTEN蛋白,。然后研究團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行了抗體測(cè)試。與圣保羅大學(xué)Suely Marie MD合作,,他們首先評(píng)估了大型系列的膠質(zhì)母細(xì)胞瘤患者臨床標(biāo)本,,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)該蛋白的磷酸化情況確實(shí)存在存在。
隨后加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校Paul Mischel博士篩查臨床樣本的EGFR陽性,,哪些對(duì)表皮生長(zhǎng)因子受體抑制劑治療沒有回應(yīng),哪些是有反應(yīng)的,。結(jié)果證實(shí)PTEN基因修飾過的的患者有抗表皮生長(zhǎng)因子受體抑制劑的現(xiàn)象,。 Furnari補(bǔ)充說:我們認(rèn)為這PTEN的修改可能會(huì)成為一個(gè)有用的標(biāo)記物,以確定是否一個(gè)病人將對(duì)生長(zhǎng)因子受體抑制劑有響應(yīng),。如果能防止磷酸化,,我們的研究表明EGFR抑制劑將能更好的發(fā)揮作用。該研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩種酶負(fù)責(zé)關(guān)閉PTEN,,即成纖維細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)因子受體與Src家族激酶,。通過了解這些酶是如何影響抑癌功能的基因,科學(xué)家可能能夠針對(duì)不同的分子,,進(jìn)行干預(yù)治療,,防止患者出現(xiàn)抵抗表皮生長(zhǎng)因子受體抑制劑的現(xiàn)象。(生物谷:Bioon.com)
編譯自:Modification of tumor suppressor affects sensitivity to potential GBM treatment
doi:10.1073/pnas.1211962109
PMC:
PMID:
Resistance to EGF receptor inhibitors in glioblastoma mediated by phosphorylation of the PTEN tumor suppressor at tyrosine 240
Tim R. Fentona,1, David Nathansonb, Claudio Ponte de Albuquerquea, et al.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive of the astrocytic malignancies and the most common intracranial tumor in adults. Although the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed and/or mutated in at least 50% of GBM cases and is required for tumor maintenance in animal models, EGFR inhibitors have thus far failed to deliver significant responses in GBM patients. One inherent resistance mechanism in GBM is the coactivation of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, which generates redundancy in activation of phosphoinositide-3′-kinase (PI3K) signaling. Here we demonstrate that the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) tumor suppressor is frequently phosphorylated at a conserved tyrosine residue, Y240, in GBM clinical samples. Phosphorylation of Y240 is associated with shortened overall survival and resistance to EGFR inhibitor therapy in GBM patients and plays an active role in mediating resistance to EGFR inhibition in vitro. Y240 phosphorylation can be mediated by both fibroblast growth factor receptors and SRC family kinases (SFKs) but does not affect the ability of PTEN to antagonize PI3K signaling. These findings show that, in addition to genetic loss and mutation of PTEN, its modulation by tyrosine phosphorylation has important implications for the development and treatment of GBM.