根據(jù)中國的一項(xiàng)研究,，一種通常被認(rèn)為與宮頸癌存在關(guān)聯(lián)的性傳播病毒還會讓患喉癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加四倍。
中國的研究人員綜合了近20年來進(jìn)行的5 5項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果,，發(fā)現(xiàn)28%的喉癌患者的癌變組織中人乳頭瘤病毒(HPV)檢測呈陽性,。這一研究結(jié)果刊登在美國《傳染病期刊》(The Journal of Infectious Diseases)上。
這項(xiàng)研究的負(fù)責(zé)人,、來自中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院和北京大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)部的李向偉(音)寫道：“研究發(fā)現(xiàn),，感染HPV，特別是具有高致病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的HPV-16會大大增加患上喉鱗狀細(xì)胞癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。”
研究人員除了對總體情況進(jìn)行評估外,，還分析了12項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果，這些研究對比了630名患者的癌變組織與非癌變組織,。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),，癌變的喉部組織HPV檢測呈陽性的概率是非癌變的喉部組織的5.4倍,。
并未參加此項(xiàng)研究的美國佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)腫瘤學(xué)家威廉·門登霍爾說：“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，HPV似乎與頭,、頸和喉部的一些鱗狀細(xì)胞癌存在著聯(lián)系,。我認(rèn)為HPV導(dǎo)致喉癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可能相對較低。我們目前看到的喉癌患者大多有很長的吸煙史,，而且飲酒量也大,。”
除了煙草和酒精外，飲食不均衡及接觸一些化學(xué)品也會增加患上喉癌和其他頭頸部癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。
門登霍爾說,，在所有頭頸部癌癥中，HPV作用最為明顯的似乎并非喉癌,，而是扁桃體癌和舌根癌,。“病人可能是在幾十年前感染病毒的。有些人在50歲患上舌根癌,，他們可能早在十幾或二十幾歲時(shí)就感染了這種病毒,。”
據(jù)美國疾病控制和預(yù)防中心說，至少半數(shù)性活躍人群會在人生的某個(gè)階段感染HPV,，不過這種病毒通常會被免疫系統(tǒng)清除,。只有大約40多種HPV毒株與癌癥有關(guān)聯(lián)。
研究人員說,，根據(jù)當(dāng)前的研究,，很難弄清最初所研究的喉癌患者中有多少人真的是因HPV而致病的。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jis698
PMC:
PMID:
Human Papillomavirus Infection and Laryngeal Cancer Risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Xiangwei Li1,#, Huijun Li2,#, Jing Gao2, Yu Yang1, Feng Zhou1, Cong Gao1,Mufei Li1, Qi Jin1,* and Lei Gao1,*
Background. Numbers of molecular epidemiological studies have been conducted to explore the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with laryngeal cancer. However, the findings were heterogeneous.Methods. We systematically reviewed published studies on HPV infection and laryngeal cancer until 15 May 2012, and quantitatively summarized the prevalence of HPV infection and its association with the risk of laryngeal cancer by means of meta-analysis.Results. In total, 55 eligible studies were included. The overall HPV prevalence in laryngeal cancer tissues was 28.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 23.5%-32.9%). There were 26.6% laryngeal cancer patients were infected with high-risk types only, and HPV-16 was most frequently observed with a prevalence of 19.8% (95% CI, 15.7%-24.6%). The meta-analysis based on 12 eligible case-control studies suggests a strong association between HPV infection and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma with a summarized odds ratio (OR) of 5.39 (95% CI, 3.25-8.94). Different magnitude of the association was observed for HPV-16 (OR=6.07, 95% CI: 3.44-10.70) and HPV-18 (OR=4.16, 95% CI: 0.87-20.04) (p<0.01). Stratified analyses were performed with respect to HPV genotypes and characteristics of the study population.Conclusions. HPV infection, especially high-risk type HPV-16, was found to be significantly associated with the risk of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
