昆蟲形態(tài)學(xué)是一門古老的學(xué)科,，一直在昆蟲分類學(xué)、昆蟲系統(tǒng)學(xué)及昆蟲胚胎學(xué)等領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著重要的作用,。近年來(lái)，隨著科技的發(fā)展,，新的技術(shù)和方法不斷地被引入該領(lǐng)域。計(jì)算機(jī)三維重建方法因其可以真實(shí)而直觀的反映動(dòng)物體的空間形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),，近年來(lái)越來(lái)越多地被應(yīng)用于動(dòng)物形態(tài)學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域,。
由楊星科研究員領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的中科院動(dòng)物所鞘翅目形態(tài)與進(jìn)化研究組自2006年起一直致力于將基于顯微CT、激光共聚焦顯微鏡技術(shù)及組織切片技術(shù)的三維重建方法應(yīng)用于昆蟲形態(tài)學(xué)研究,，并取得了重要進(jìn)展。主要包括應(yīng)用顯微CT技術(shù),、計(jì)算機(jī)三維重建及系統(tǒng)發(fā)育分析等方法對(duì)葉甲亞科兩個(gè)屬榆葉甲屬和喜山葉甲屬的系統(tǒng)關(guān)系進(jìn)行了深入探討，確立了二者的單系性,，并推測(cè)了上述兩個(gè)屬的起源及擴(kuò)散方式，文章發(fā)表于昆蟲學(xué)領(lǐng)域核心期刊《系統(tǒng)昆蟲學(xué)》（Systematic Entomology）,；應(yīng)用顯微切片技術(shù)、激光共聚焦顯微技術(shù)及計(jì)算機(jī)三維重建方法,，重構(gòu)了鞘翅目寄生性甲蟲Lytta vesicatoria一齡幼蟲的全部肌肉、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)及消化系統(tǒng),，探討了昆蟲微小化的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，比較了與其他寄生性甲蟲及捻翅目的內(nèi)外形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)相似性,，文章發(fā)表于PLoS One,，目前尚有部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)正在進(jìn)一步整理之中。
此外,，在中國(guó)科學(xué)院重大裝備研制計(jì)劃資助下，與中國(guó)科學(xué)院深圳先進(jìn)技術(shù)研究院共同研制開發(fā)了應(yīng)用于動(dòng)物形態(tài)學(xué)研究的顯微CT設(shè)備,，目前已落戶動(dòng)物所，等待驗(yàn)收,。以上一系列成果不僅為進(jìn)一步開展大規(guī)模的昆蟲乃至動(dòng)物形態(tài)學(xué)研究工作及相關(guān)平臺(tái)建設(shè)奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ),，也為昆蟲形態(tài)學(xué)研究提供了全新的思路與方法。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0052511
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The First Complete 3D Reconstruction of a Spanish Fly Primary Larva (Lytta vesicatoria, Meloidae, Coleoptera)
Si-Qin Ge, Benjamin Wipfler, Hans Pohl, Yi Hua, Adam Ślipiński, Xing-Ke Yang mail, Rolf Georg Beutel
The first detailed anatomical study of a primary larva of Meloidae is presented. Thereby techniques such as three-dimensional reconstructions, microtome sections, SEM (scanning electronic microscopy) and CLSM (confocal laser scanning microscopy) are applied. The structural features are discussed in the context of phylogeny, but also possible correlations with parasitism, phoresy and miniaturisation. The triungulin first instar larva is likely an apomorphy of Meloidae excl. Eleticinae and linked with a specialisation on acridoid eggs or larvae and provisions of bees. The campodeid body shape of Lytta and Meloinae is a groundplan feature of Meloidae, whereas a navicular body is an autapomorphy of the generally phoretic larvae of Nemognathinae. Head structures of Lytta and features of the postcephalic body are largely plesiomorphic. The musculature of the head is only moderately simplified while the one of the postcephalic body is well developed. Its thorax is largely characterised by plesiomorphies. The characteristics of the legs suggest phoretic habits, even though this does not apply to larvae of Lytta. It is conceivable that a phoretic behaviour is secondarily lost, together with some but not all morphological modifications related to it. Derived features of the abdomen of Meloidae are the complete loss of the fixed urogomphi (also missing in Rhipiphoridae and other related groups) and the presence of one or two conspicuous caudal bristles. Only few features of Lytta are shared with the parasitic larvae of Rhipiphoridae and Strepsiptera. These characteristics, which are possibly linked with specialised life habits, have obviously evolved independently. Miniaturisation effects are minimal in the larvae of Lytta.
