今天從中科院武漢病毒研究所獲悉：我國第一個殺蚊微生物基因組———球形芽孢桿菌C3-41菌株全基因組已經(jīng)測序完成。通過序列的比較分析,，表明該細(xì)菌同一種海洋芽孢桿菌具有親緣關(guān)系,，其不能利用糖類物質(zhì)的主要原因是缺乏糖轉(zhuǎn)運系統(tǒng)和糖代謝的關(guān)鍵酶。
該研究成果在最近的《細(xì)菌學(xué)雜志》和《應(yīng)用微生物學(xué)雜志》上發(fā)表,。球形芽孢桿菌是專一感染各類蚊幼蟲的天然病原菌,，C3-41菌株是中國科學(xué)院武漢病毒研究所篩選出來的優(yōu)良?xì)⑽眉?xì)菌，由其開發(fā)研制的我國第一個登記注冊的微生物殺蚊劑在我國進(jìn)行了連續(xù)二十年成功應(yīng)用,，該基因組的完成將進(jìn)一步推動生物防治滅蚊的基礎(chǔ)研究,。
中國科學(xué)院武漢病毒研究所袁志明研究員率領(lǐng)的研究小組，在殺蟲細(xì)菌資源,、毒素蛋白基因的克隆和表達(dá)及高效廣譜殺蚊工程菌的構(gòu)建,、抗性昆蟲抗性機(jī)理,、殺蟲劑的生產(chǎn)和應(yīng)用等方面取得了一系列重要科研成果。所研制的球形芽孢桿菌殺蚊幼劑制劑對疾病媒介庫蚊,、按蚊具有特異性毒殺作用,，對人畜無毒、不污染環(huán)境,，是目前我國用于蚊幼蟲孳生地控制的一種安全高效的生物殺蚊制劑,。從1987年至2006年，在全國13個省市,、一百多個縣市累計應(yīng)用超過150萬畝次,，產(chǎn)生了巨大的社會效益和生態(tài)效益。
全基因組序列測定的完成將為進(jìn)一步闡明球形芽孢桿菌不能利用糖類物質(zhì)代謝的遺傳基礎(chǔ)及其獨特的產(chǎn)能代謝的調(diào)控機(jī)理,，昆蟲病原細(xì)菌—宿主的協(xié)同進(jìn)化及同其它芽孢桿菌之間的親緣關(guān)系提供理論依據(jù),。同時，為構(gòu)建利用糖類物質(zhì)的殺蚊工程菌株的構(gòu)建提供新的思路,，以推動殺蚊細(xì)菌在我國媒介蚊蟲綜合控制中的應(yīng)用,。
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Complete Genome Sequence of the Mosquitocidal Bacterium Bacillus sphaericus C3-41 and Comparison with Those of Closely Related Bacillus Species ,
Xiaomin Hu,1 Wei Fan,2 Bei Han,1 Haizhou Liu,1 Dasheng Zheng,1 Qibin Li,2 Wei Dong,2 Jianping Yan,1 Meiying Gao,1 Colin Berry,3 and Zhiming Yuan1*
State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China,1 Beijing Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,2 Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3US, United Kingdom3
Received 12 October 2007/ Accepted 6 February 2008
Bacillus sphaericus strain C3-41 is an aerobic, mesophilic, spore-forming bacterium that has been used with great success in mosquito control programs worldwide. Genome sequencing revealed that the complete genome of this entomopathogenic bacterium is composed of a chromosomal replicon of 4,639,821 bp and a plasmid replicon of 177,642 bp, containing 4,786 and 186 potential protein-coding sequences, respectively. Comparison of the genome with other published sequences indicated that the B. sphaericus C3-41 chromosome is most similar to that of Bacillus sp. strain NRRL B-14905, a marine species that, like B. sphaericus, is unable to metabolize polysaccharides. The lack of key enzymes and sugar transport systems in the two bacteria appears to be the main reason for this inability, and the abundance of proteolytic enzymes and transport systems may endow these bacteria with exclusive metabolic pathways for a wide variety of organic compounds and amino acids. The genes shared between B. sphaericus C3-41 and Bacillus sp. strain NRRL B-14905, including mobile genetic elements, membrane-associated proteins, and transport systems, demonstrated that these two species are a biologically and phylogenetically divergent group. Knowledge of the genome sequence of B. sphaericus C3-41 thus increases our understanding of the bacilli and may also offer prospects for future genetic improvement of this important biological control agent.
