生物谷報(bào)道：美國科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)基因突變使得西紅柿的體積比它的野生祖先膨脹了1000倍,。
研究人員稱,，這個(gè)變化結(jié)果是由一個(gè)短DNA序列插入造成的，該序列插入到一個(gè)能夠控制西紅柿中隔膜數(shù)量的基因中間,。這種插入使得隔膜的數(shù)量大大增加,，加上之前鑒別出的一個(gè)能夠促進(jìn)細(xì)胞分裂的基因突變，最終使西紅柿的體積變大,。這兩種變化是最近才發(fā)生的,，并且由于人們喜歡又大又多汁的西紅柿而保存了下來。研究結(jié)果刊載在5月8日的《自然—遺傳學(xué)》上,。（生物谷www.bioon.con）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Nature Genetics,，doi:10.1038/ng.144，Bin Cong, Luz S Barrero & Steven D Tanksley
Regulatory change in YABBY-like transcription factor led to evolution of extreme fruit size during tomato domestication
Bin Cong1,2, Luz S Barrero1,2,3 & Steven D Tanksley1,2
Plant domestication represents an accelerated form of evolution, resulting in exaggerated changes in the tissues and organs of greatest interest to humans (for example, seeds, roots and tubers). One of the most extreme cases has been the evolution of tomato fruit. Cultivated tomato plants produce fruit as much as 1,000 times larger than those of their wild progenitors. Quantitative trait mapping studies have shown that a relatively small number of genes were involved in this dramatic transition, and these genes control two processes: cell cycle and organ number determination1. The key gene in the first process has been isolated and corresponds to fw2.2, a negative regulator of cell division2, 3. However, until now, nothing was known about the molecular basis of the second process. Here, we show that the second major step in the evolution of extreme fruit size was the result of a regulatory change of a YABBY-like transcription factor (fasciated) that controls carpel number during flower and/or fruit development.
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Present address: Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, Bogotá, Colombia.
