美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部農(nóng)業(yè)研究局（ARS）的研究人員成功的破譯了一種蜂類病原體的基因組,。Nosema ceranae是一種單細(xì)胞產(chǎn)孢寄生蟲,，它被懷疑是導(dǎo)致蜂群崩潰綜合癥（CCD）的多個(gè)病原體之一。CCD是美國(guó)在2006年10月最早報(bào)導(dǎo)的,，一些養(yǎng)蜂人稱由此帶來的損失超過90%,。據(jù)美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部稱，蜜蜂的處境非常危險(xiǎn),。它們?cè)诿绹?guó)價(jià)值150億的作物種植業(yè)中發(fā)揮著重要的作用,。
據(jù)PLoS Pathogens發(fā)表的文章稱，Nosema基因組含786萬對(duì)堿基,。N. ceranae基因組描繪能加深對(duì)Nosema寄生病的理解并最終使其得以緩解,。研究人員鑒定出89個(gè)可能在Nosema-蜜蜂相互影響中起重要作用的基因，稱它們是分泌蛋白的編碼基因,，這些蛋白可能會(huì)對(duì)寄主組織產(chǎn)生影響,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PLoS Pathog 5(6): e1000466. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000466
Genomic Analyses of the Microsporidian Nosema ceranae, an Emergent Pathogen of Honey Bees
R. Scott Cornman1, Yan Ping Chen1, Michael C. Schatz2, Craig Street3, Yan Zhao4, Brian Desany5, Michael Egholm5, Stephen Hutchison5, Jeffery S. Pettis1, W. Ian Lipkin3, Jay D. Evans1*
1 USDA-ARS Bee Research Lab, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America, 2 Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America, 3 Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America, 4 USDA-ARS Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America, 5 454 Life Sciences/Roche Applied Sciences, Branford, Connecticut, United States of America
Recent steep declines in honey bee health have severely impacted the beekeeping industry, presenting new risks for agricultural commodities that depend on insect pollination. Honey bee declines could reflect increased pressures from parasites and pathogens. The incidence of the microsporidian pathogen Nosema ceranae has increased significantly in the past decade. Here we present a draft assembly (7.86 MB) of the N. ceranae genome derived from pyrosequence data, including initial gene models and genomic comparisons with other members of this highly derived fungal lineage. N. ceranae has a strongly AT-biased genome (74% A+T) and a diversity of repetitive elements, complicating the assembly. Of 2,614 predicted protein-coding sequences, we conservatively estimate that 1,366 have homologs in the microsporidian Encephalitozoon cuniculi, the most closely related published genome sequence. We identify genes conserved among microsporidia that lack clear homology outside this group, which are of special interest as potential virulence factors in this group of obligate parasites. A substantial fraction of the diminutive N. ceranae proteome consists of novel and transposable-element proteins. For a majority of well-supported gene models, a conserved sense-strand motif can be found within 15 bases upstream of the start codon; a previously uncharacterized version of this motif is also present in E. cuniculi. These comparisons provide insight into the architecture, regulation, and evolution of microsporidian genomes, and will drive investigations into honey bee–Nosema interactions.
