近日,，美國《國家科學(xué)院院刊》雜志上刊登的一項(xiàng)研究成果表明,，幾種常用的化療藥物可能會(huì)影響后代的基因,，在動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中,，服用了化療藥物的實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠后代出現(xiàn)基因變異。研究人員建議,，接受化療的癌癥患者若想生育,，應(yīng)該先停藥一段時(shí)間。
英國萊斯特大學(xué)研究人員測試了3種常用來治療癌癥的化療藥物,，它們是環(huán)磷酰胺,、絲裂霉素C和甲基芐肼。研究人員給實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠服用相當(dāng)于臨床治療劑量的藥物,，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),，雖然實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠是在停藥數(shù)月后才繁殖，但它們后代的基因組中還是出現(xiàn)了異常變異,。
研究人員尤里·杜布羅瓦說,，這是一個(gè)引人關(guān)注的現(xiàn)象，至于這些藥物在人類患者體內(nèi)會(huì)不會(huì)有類似作用,，還不能簡單類推,。這是因?yàn)閷?shí)驗(yàn)鼠的壽命只有約兩年，比人類要短得多,，它們服藥與繁殖后代之間的時(shí)間間隔不是很長,，而人類可選擇長期停藥后再生育。
接受化療的癌癥患者中,，許多人已經(jīng)過了生育年齡,，因此在這個(gè)問題上，更值得關(guān)注的人群主要是需要化療的年輕癌癥患者,。據(jù)介紹,，醫(yī)學(xué)界對此已采取了一些預(yù)防措施，通常會(huì)告知患者在化療停藥至少一年后再考慮生育,。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1073/pnas.1119396109
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Exposure to anticancer drugs can result in transgenerational genomic instability in mice
Glen, Colin D.; Dubrova, Yuri E
The genetic effects of human exposure to anticancer drugs remain poorly understood. To establish whether exposure to anticancer drugs can result not only in mutation induction in the germ line of treated animals, but also in altered mutation rates in their offspring, we evaluated mutation rates in the offspring of male mice treated with three commonly used chemotherapeutic agents: cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C, and procarbazine. The doses of paternal exposure were approximately equivalent to those used clinically. Using single-molecule PCR, the frequency of mutation at the mouse expanded simple tandem repeat locus Ms6-hm was established in DNA samples extracted from sperm and bone marrow of the offspring of treated males. After paternal exposure to any one of these three drugs, expanded simple tandem repeat mutation frequencies were significantly elevated in the germ line (sperm) and bone marrow of their offspring. This observed transgenerational instability was attributed to elevated mutation rates at the alleles derived from both the exposed fathers and from the nonexposed mothers, thus implying a genome-wide destabilization. Our results suggest that paternal exposure to a wide variety of mutagens can result in transgenerational instability manifesting in their offspring. Our data also raise important issues concerning delayed transgenerational effects in the children of survivors of anticancer therapy.
