近日,費(fèi)城兒童醫(yī)院研究員帶領(lǐng)完成了有史以來規(guī)模最大的全基因組研究,。遺傳學(xué)研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)至少有兩個(gè)新的基因變異會(huì)導(dǎo)致兒童肥胖的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加,。
費(fèi)城兒童醫(yī)院應(yīng)用基因組中心副主任首席研究員Struan F.A. Grant博士說:“這是有史以來規(guī)模最大的針對(duì)兒童肥胖問題的全基因組研究,,研究結(jié)果是我們確定了某些具有導(dǎo)致兒童肥胖的遺傳傾向。
這項(xiàng)研究由一個(gè)國(guó)際合作組Early Growth Genetics (EGG) Consortium合作完成,,相關(guān)研究論文發(fā)表在《自然遺傳學(xué)》雜志上,。
作為影響現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的主要健康問題之一,肥胖已日益受到公眾的關(guān)注,,尤其兒童患病率的上升,。研究表明青少年肥胖往往是成年人死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較高的原因。雖然環(huán)境因素如食物的選擇和久坐的生活習(xí)慣增加了兒童肥胖率,,但有研究證據(jù)表明遺傳因素也影響這種疾病的發(fā)生,。
以往研究發(fā)現(xiàn)肥胖成年人和極端肥胖兒童存在基因變異,但是什么基因參與了調(diào)控了兒童肥胖卻知之甚少,。
Grant說:費(fèi)城兒童醫(yī)院應(yīng)用基因組中心招募肥胖患者,,獲得了世界上最大的肥胖兒童的DNA庫。不過為了有足夠的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)來檢測(cè)新的基因信息,,我們需要結(jié)合來自世界各地的類似數(shù)據(jù),,組建一個(gè)更大的國(guó)際數(shù)據(jù)集。
這項(xiàng)薈萃分析包括14個(gè)以往類似研究,,共包含5,530例肥胖兒童和8300對(duì)照組,,所有這些人均為歐洲血統(tǒng)。該研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)新的位點(diǎn),,一個(gè)靠近13號(hào)染色體OLFM4基因,,另一個(gè)在17號(hào)染色??體的HOXB5內(nèi)。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)了另外其他兩個(gè)基因也發(fā)生變異的相關(guān)證據(jù),。這些基因以前并不認(rèn)為與肥胖有關(guān),。
Grant說:“這項(xiàng)工作開辟了兒童肥胖遺傳學(xué)研究的新途徑,但要想這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能最終幫助預(yù)防干預(yù)和治療肥胖兒童仍有許多工作要做”,。(生物谷:Bioon)
doi:10.1038/ng.2247
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A genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies new childhood obesity loci.
Jonathan P Bradfield, H Rob Taal, Nicholas J Timpson, André Scherag, Cecile Lecoeur, Nicole M Warrington, Elina Hypponen, Claus Holst, Beatriz Valcarcel, Elisabeth Thiering, Rany M Salem, Fredrick R Schumacher, Diana L Cousminer, Patrick M A Sleiman, Jianhua Zhao, Robert I Berkowitz, Karani S Vimaleswaran, Ivonne Jarick, Craig E Pennell, David M Evans, Beate St Pourcain, Diane J Berry, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Albert Hofman, Fernando Rivadeneira, André G Uitterlinden, Cornelia M van Duijn, Ralf J P van der Valk, Johan C de Jongste, Dirkje S Postma, Dorret I Boomsma, W James Gauderman, et al.
Transcriptional coregulators control the activity of many transcription factors and are thought to have wide-ranging effects on gene expression patterns. We show here that muscle-specific loss of nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR1) in mice leads to enhanced exercise endurance due to an increase of both muscle mass and of mitochondrial number and activity. The activation of selected transcription factors that control muscle function, such as MEF2, PPARβ/, and ERRs, underpins these phenotypic alterations. NCoR1 levels are decreased in conditions that require fat oxidation, resetting transcriptional programs to boost oxidative metabolism. Knockdown of gei-8, the sole C. elegans NCoR homolog, also robustly increased muscle mitochondria and respiration, suggesting conservation of NCoR1 function. Collectively, our data suggest that NCoR1 plays an adaptive role in muscle physiology and that interference with NCoR1 action could be used to improve muscle function.