一組來自瑞士和德國的科學(xué)家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一段可以增強(qiáng)情感記憶的基因序列,,而這種情感記憶的維持通常與創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激綜合征(PTSD)關(guān)系密切。研究團(tuán)隊(duì)通過對(duì)大樣本隨機(jī)人群進(jìn)行情感記憶測(cè)試,,并將此與一組來自1994年盧旺達(dá)大屠殺中的幸存者進(jìn)行比對(duì),,他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了情感記憶與PTSD的遺傳關(guān)系,。
為了證實(shí)PRKCA基因突變的個(gè)體可能會(huì)擁有更強(qiáng)烈的情感記憶,研究團(tuán)隊(duì)征募了700名志愿者進(jìn)行了該測(cè)試,。參與者首先進(jìn)行DNA測(cè)序,,然后觀看一組情感事件的圖片并在數(shù)分鐘后描述他們所看到的內(nèi)容細(xì)節(jié)。結(jié)果顯示擁有2個(gè)PRKCA突變拷貝的人群可喚起更多的細(xì)節(jié),,另一組擁有1對(duì)G片段的人群則表現(xiàn)的不是很理想,,而同時(shí)擁有1個(gè)PRKCA突變片段與1個(gè)G片段的人群則變現(xiàn)適中。
為了得到更精確的結(jié)果,,研究團(tuán)隊(duì)征募了另外394名志愿者進(jìn)行了相同的測(cè)試,,但是這次志愿者被要求在fMRI的檢測(cè)中完成測(cè)試,整個(gè)過程研究者可以觀察到志愿者的腦部磁共振變化,。與預(yù)估的結(jié)果相同,,研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)在所有的參與者腦中負(fù)責(zé)記憶的區(qū)域在測(cè)試過程中特別活躍。那些擁有一對(duì)突變基因序列的志愿者顯示較一對(duì)G序列的擁有更高的活性,,與此前相同,,各擁有1個(gè)基因的志愿者結(jié)果適中。
證實(shí)了他們的設(shè)想后,,研究組測(cè)試了347個(gè)盧旺達(dá)大屠殺的幸存者,。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)仍然被PTSD折磨的幸存者中擁有1對(duì)突變基因的占了絕大部分,而且這些人發(fā)生PTSD的概率大概是沒有或者只有1個(gè)突變基因的2倍,。
研究團(tuán)隊(duì)從這些結(jié)果中得出結(jié)論,,PRKCA突變基因位點(diǎn)和情感記憶存在緊密的聯(lián)系,這為以后研究創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激綜合征開拓了新的方向,。(生物谷:Bioon.com)
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1200857109
PMC:
PMID:
PKCα is genetically linked to memory capacity in healthy subjects and to risk for posttraumatic stress disorder in genocide survivors
Dominique J.-F. de Quervain,,Iris-Tatjana Kolassad, Sandra Ackermanne, Amanda Aernia, et al.
Strong memory of a traumatic event is thought to contribute to the development and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Therefore, a genetic predisposition to build strong memories could lead to increased risk for PTSD after a traumatic event. Here we show that genetic variability of the gene encoding PKCα (PRKCA) was associated with memory capacity—including aversive memory—in nontraumatized subjects of European descent. This finding was replicated in an independent sample of nontraumatized subjects, who additionally underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). fMRI analysis revealed PRKCA genotype-dependent brain activation differences during successful encoding of aversive information. Further, the identified genetic variant was also related to traumatic memory and to the risk for PTSD in heavily traumatized survivors of the Rwandan genocide. Our results indicate a role for PKCα in memory and suggest a genetic link between memory and the risk for PTSD.