近日,由中科院北京基因組研究所重大疾病基因組與個(gè)體化醫(yī)療實(shí)驗(yàn)室,,“百人計(jì)劃”方向東研究員項(xiàng)目組助理研究員渠鴻竹博士等合作開展的多功能轉(zhuǎn)錄因子CTCF(CCCTC結(jié)合因子-binding factor, CTCF)在染色質(zhì)DNA上的結(jié)合與DNA甲基化之間相互關(guān)系研究取得新進(jìn)展,,相關(guān)學(xué)術(shù)論文在最新一期的Genome Research雜志發(fā)表,,該成果將有助于科研人員加深對(duì)CTCF轉(zhuǎn)錄因子調(diào)控機(jī)制的理解和認(rèn)識(shí)。
由于CTCF在真核生物中的廣泛表達(dá),,其結(jié)合模式一直被認(rèn)為在多種細(xì)胞類型之間保持不變,。但最新研究表明:在不同的細(xì)胞類型之間,CTCF在特定位點(diǎn)的結(jié)合模式與結(jié)合程度是變化的,。體外實(shí)驗(yàn)已經(jīng)證明CTCF結(jié)合程度的變化與DNA甲基化程度有關(guān),,只是現(xiàn)階段仍缺少體內(nèi)試驗(yàn)的相關(guān)證據(jù)。在不同細(xì)胞類型之間CTCF結(jié)合能力變化程度,、以及該變化與DNA甲基化之間的關(guān)系至今尚未闡述清楚,。
渠鴻竹博士和華盛頓大學(xué)美國(guó)國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院西北注釋表觀基因組繪圖中心(Northwest Reference Epigenome Mapping Center,NIH)主任,、華盛頓大學(xué)基因組學(xué)系副教授John A. Stamatoyannopoulis博士所領(lǐng)導(dǎo)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的工作人員通過(guò)近三年研究,,采用基于新一代高通量測(cè)序平臺(tái)的染色質(zhì)免疫沉淀測(cè)序技術(shù)(ChIP-Seq),獲得了12種人類正常細(xì)胞和7種腫瘤細(xì)胞在全基因組水平的CTCF結(jié)合模式圖譜,。通過(guò)系統(tǒng)的生物信息學(xué)比較分析發(fā)現(xiàn):64%的CTCF結(jié)合位點(diǎn)至少在一種細(xì)胞中不結(jié)合CTCF,。尤為重要的是,這些特異的位點(diǎn)結(jié)合模式可以將正常細(xì)胞與腫瘤細(xì)胞區(qū)分開來(lái),。通過(guò)進(jìn)一步分析13種細(xì)胞的甲基化DNA捕獲測(cè)序數(shù)據(jù),,比較有變化的CTCF結(jié)合位點(diǎn)處CTCF結(jié)合程度與染色質(zhì)DNA甲基化狀態(tài)的變化規(guī)律,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):41%的CTCF結(jié)合變化位點(diǎn)具有不同的甲基化狀態(tài),,并且甲基化變化集中在CTCF識(shí)別序列內(nèi)部2個(gè)重要的核苷酸位置,。而且,,與甲基化狀態(tài)相關(guān)的CTCF結(jié)合位點(diǎn)在正常細(xì)胞與腫瘤細(xì)胞之間結(jié)合模式明顯不同的趨勢(shì)和特點(diǎn),在腫瘤細(xì)胞中CTCF結(jié)合程度的減弱往往會(huì)伴隨有DNA甲基化程度的增強(qiáng)趨勢(shì),。這樣,,在系統(tǒng)生物學(xué)的理論指導(dǎo)之下,利用統(tǒng)合的生物信息學(xué)分析手段,,就可以將重要轉(zhuǎn)錄因子與染色質(zhì)DNA之間的相互作用和染色質(zhì)DNA甲基化這兩個(gè)不同層次的表觀基因組學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)有機(jī)地整合在一起,,從中獲得創(chuàng)新性的研究成果,既豐富了真核基因表達(dá)調(diào)控的科學(xué)理論體系,,又成功地篩選獲取了新的影響組織分化和腫瘤發(fā)生的表觀遺傳靶點(diǎn),,具有重要的科學(xué)研究意義和潛在的臨床轉(zhuǎn)化應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
CCCTC結(jié)合因子(CCCTC-binding factor, CTCF)是一種廣泛存在于真核生物中的多功能轉(zhuǎn)錄因子,,為進(jìn)化上高度保守的多鋅指,、DNA結(jié)合核蛋白。CTCF通過(guò)其鋅指結(jié)構(gòu)的不同組合,,可以選擇性識(shí)別多種DNA序列,,并形成不同的CTCF-DNA復(fù)合體,發(fā)揮對(duì)多個(gè)基因的表達(dá)調(diào)控作用,,具有啟動(dòng)子抑制和激活,、基因沉默、增強(qiáng)子阻斷,、基因印跡調(diào)控,、X染色體失活等多種生物學(xué)功能。CTCF通過(guò)靶基因來(lái)調(diào)控細(xì)胞的生理活動(dòng),,在細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng),、增殖、分化,、凋亡,、遺傳、表觀遺傳以及腫瘤發(fā)生,、發(fā)展等過(guò)程中起著重要的調(diào)節(jié)作用,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1101/gr.136101.111
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Widespread plasticity in CTCF occupancy linked to DNA methylation
Hao Wang, Matthew T. Maurano, Hongzhu Qu, Katherine E. Varley, Jason Gertz, Florencia Pauli, Kristen Lee, Theresa Canfield, Molly Weaver, Richard Sandstrom, Robert E. Thurman, Rajinder Kaul, Richard M. Myers and John A. Stamatoyannopoulos
CTCF is a ubiquitously expressed regulator of fundamental genomic processes including transcription, intra- and interchromosomal interactions, and chromatin structure. Because of its critical role in genome function, CTCF binding patterns have long been assumed to be largely invariant across different cellular environments. Here we analyze genome-wide occupancy patterns of CTCF by ChIP-seq in 19 diverse human cell types, including normal primary cells and immortal lines. We observed highly reproducible yet surprisingly plastic genomic binding landscapes, indicative of strong cell-selective regulation of CTCF occupancy. Comparison with massively parallel bisulfite sequencing data indicates that 41% of variable CTCF binding is linked to differential DNA methylation, concentrated at two critical positions within the CTCF recognition sequence. Unexpectedly, CTCF binding patterns were markedly different in normal versus immortal cells, with the latter showing widespread disruption of CTCF binding associated with increased methylation. Strikingly, this disruption is accompanied by up-regulation of CTCF expression, with the result that both normal and immortal cells maintain the same average number of CTCF occupancy sites genome-wide. These results reveal a tight linkage between DNA methylation and the global occupancy patterns of a major sequence-specific regulatory factor.