日前發(fā)表于《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》期刊的研究報(bào)告指出,，黑猩猩會(huì)儲(chǔ)存石塊作為彈藥,，在生氣時(shí)扔向動(dòng)物園游客。這證明先前實(shí)驗(yàn)所獲結(jié)論,，即靈長類和人類一樣,，會(huì)為未來預(yù)先做好計(jì)劃。
2006年德國一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示,，紅毛猩猩和侏儒猩猩能想出用什么工具摘葡萄,，而且數(shù)小時(shí)后仍然記得要帶著那個(gè)工具。
瑞典隆德大學(xué)博士生歐斯瓦斯與3名動(dòng)物園飼育員共同觀察富魯維克動(dòng)物園一只雄性黑猩猩桑提諾,，逾十年后他發(fā)現(xiàn),，這只31歲黑猩猩每天早晨游客入園前，就開始冷靜地收集石頭,，并從大混凝土塊上敲下圓盤狀的小片,。如果這些混凝土太大，他還會(huì)將之敲小以適合手握丟擲,，它會(huì)等到中午再朝圍觀游客擲去,。
歐斯瓦斯說,，因?yàn)樗恫粶?zhǔn),，很少人真被擊中，也從沒人受重傷,。
雄性猩猩有掌控環(huán)境的天性,，對(duì)環(huán)境內(nèi)有他碰不到的人極難容忍。此研究9日刊登于《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》期刊,。歐斯瓦斯說,，桑提諾收集或制造彈藥時(shí)始終冷靜，與攻擊時(shí)的亢奮有天壤之別,。“這證明它不是一時(shí)興起,，是以復(fù)雜方式在設(shè)想未來。“
園方曾在早上將桑提諾關(guān)起來，讓它不能收集石頭,，它的攻擊性卻依然不減,。去年秋天決定為它“去勢(shì)”，因桑提諾特殊行為只在6,、7月發(fā)生,，今夏可知成效。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Current Biology,，doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.01.010,，Mathias Osvath
Spontaneous planning for future stone throwing by a male chimpanzee
Mathias Osvath
Lund University Cognitive Science, Kungshuset Lundag?rd, 222 22 Lund, Sweden
Summary
Planning for a future, rather than a current, mental state is a cognitive process generally viewed as uniquely human. Here, however, I shall report on a decade of observations of spontaneous planning by a male chimpanzee in a zoo. The planning actions, which took place in a calm state, included stone caching and the manufacture of discs from concrete, objects later used as missiles against zoo visitors during agitated chimpanzee dominance displays. Such planning implies advanced consciousness and cognition traditionally not associated with nonhuman animals [1]. Spontaneous and unambiguous planning behaviours for future states by non-humans have not previously been reported, and anecdotal reports, describing single occasions, are exceptionally scarce [2,3,4]. This dearth of observations is arguably the main reason for not ascribing cognitive foresight to nonhuman animals [1]. To date, the surprisingly few controlled demonstrations of planning for future states by animals are experimentally induced behaviours in great apes [5,6,7] and corvids [8,9]. The observational findings in this report suggest that these laboratory results are not experimental artefacts, at least in the case of great apes.
