近日，中科院動(dòng)物所農(nóng)業(yè)蟲害鼠害綜合治理研究國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的戈峰研究組通過在自行組裝的開頂式大氣CO2濃度控制室,，模擬未來大氣CO2濃度加倍（750PPM）下,，探討了春小麥－棉鈴蟲及其寄生性天敵中紅側(cè)溝繭蜂系統(tǒng)對(duì)大氣CO2濃度升高的響應(yīng),。
通過用高CO2濃度處理下生長(zhǎng)的小麥連續(xù)兩代喂飼棉鈴蟲，然后在棉鈴蟲幼蟲低齡時(shí)接入它的寄生性天敵——中紅側(cè)溝繭蜂,，連續(xù)兩代測(cè)定它們的種群參數(shù)和取食和寄生能力,。研究結(jié)果表明，在CO2濃度升高下,，寄主作物春小麥營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平下降,，導(dǎo)致棉鈴蟲生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育延長(zhǎng)，但并沒有改變棉鈴蟲對(duì)于春小麥的取食量,，而中紅側(cè)溝繭蜂對(duì)于棉鈴蟲的寄生率也沒有發(fā)生顯著性的變化,。該研究首次從寄主植物-害蟲-天敵三級(jí)營(yíng)養(yǎng)關(guān)系角度，定量分析CO2濃度升高對(duì)害蟲-天敵取食與寄生關(guān)系，結(jié)果清楚地顯示,，在未來CO2濃度升高下,，不會(huì)改變棉鈴蟲與其天敵中紅側(cè)溝繭蜂的種間關(guān)系，CO2濃度升高不會(huì)明顯增加棉鈴蟲的危害取食和中紅側(cè)溝繭蜂的寄生作用,。相關(guān)成果發(fā)表在最近出版的Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment雜志上,。
由于工業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，消耗的化石燃料急劇增加（煤,、石油,、天然氣），CO2被大量排放,；同時(shí),，森林砍伐和土地利用等的改變使得被植物吸收利用CO2的量減少，從而導(dǎo)致CO2被消耗的速度降低,。據(jù)IPCC（2007)報(bào)道,，工業(yè)化革命前大氣CO2濃度為280μl/L，而到了2005年已上升到379μl/L,，預(yù)計(jì)到本世紀(jì)（21世紀(jì)）末,，大氣CO2濃度將在現(xiàn)有的基礎(chǔ)上加倍，增加到700μl/L左右,。國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者一直非常關(guān)注大氣CO2濃度升高對(duì)于人類賴以生存的農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)所產(chǎn)生的影響,，動(dòng)物所該項(xiàng)研究對(duì)此作了有益的補(bǔ)充。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Volume 132, Issues 3-4, August 2009, Pages 267-275
No effects of elevated CO2 on the population relationship between cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and its parasitoid, Microplitis mediator Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Jin Yin, Yucheng Sun, Gang Wu, Megha N. Parajulee, Feng Ge
Estimating the population consumption of an insect population under elevated CO2 is an important step in understanding the effects of elevated CO2 on herbivore–crop interactions. Two successive generations of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hübner, were reared on milky grains of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in open-top chambers under increased carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. H. armigera development, wheat consumption, and parasitism by Microplitis mediator Haliday were examined, as were the effects of elevated CO2 on the wheat itself. We experimentally tested the hypotheses that, by quantifying the population consumption of H. armigera, elevated CO2 enhanced the pest-control ability of M. mediator again H. armigera. Decreases in protein, total amino acid, and nitrogen (N) content were noted in spring wheat when grown in an elevated-CO2 environment, as were increases in total non-structure carbohydrates (TNCs) and in the ratio of TNC to N. In the first generation of H. armigera reared under elevated CO2, no significant changes were observed in population generation time (T) or in the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) between CO2 treatments. However, in the second treatment generation, longer generation time resulted in a lower rm value. Elevated-CO2 levels caused no significant changes in the H. armigera population's total wheat consumption. The rates of parasitism, cocooning, and emergence by M. mediator were also unaffected, as were its average weight and adult lifespan. As no significant changes in wheat consumption by H. armigera or in the parasitic rate of M. mediator were revealed, the results indicate that the population relationship between H. armigera and M. mediator is unlikely to vary due to future elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
