近日,考古學(xué)家最新挖掘發(fā)現(xiàn)一種史前類龜動(dòng)物,,它長著鋒利的劍齒,,嘴中遍布著牙齒,很容易讓人們聯(lián)想到它是類似恐龍的掠食性動(dòng)物,,實(shí)際上它卻是一種不折不扣的素食動(dòng)物,。
“劍齒類龜獸”生活在2.6億年前,它們不是食肉性動(dòng)物,,而主要以樹葉和根莖為食,。目前,科學(xué)家將這一史前物種命名為“Tiarajudens eccentricu”,,挖掘發(fā)現(xiàn)于巴西,,其體形相當(dāng)于較大的狗。
由于其素食習(xí)性使得劍齒結(jié)構(gòu)似乎是多余的,,但像匕首一樣的劍齒可用于抵御掠食者,。巴西皮奧伊聯(lián)邦大學(xué)古生物學(xué)家胡安·卡洛斯·斯內(nèi)羅斯(Juan Carlos Cisneros)說:“這種史前動(dòng)物非常奇特,它看上去像是由不同種動(dòng)物的骨骼組合而成,,像是一種獨(dú)角獸,。”
劍齒類龜獸除長有蠟筆粗細(xì)的劍齒之外,其口腔根部都布滿著牙齒,。2.6億年前并不存在草地,,它們可能主要以二疊紀(jì)植物群的樹葉和植物根莖為食,更接近于牛羊的飲食習(xí)性,,而非食肉類動(dòng)物,。這項(xiàng)研究暗示著2.6億年前素食動(dòng)物在陸地上占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位。
該研究報(bào)告的詳細(xì)資料發(fā)表在近期出版的《科學(xué)》雜志上,。人們或許會(huì)感到迷惑:像這樣看似兇猛的動(dòng)物卻僅以植物為食,?近期研究證實(shí)恐龍物種多數(shù)是食草性,而非科幻電影中所描述的兇殘怪獸,。
更多的“獸腳類”恐龍具備一些鳥類的特征,,以兩腿直立行走,身體長有羽毛,,更傾向于吃樹葉和草,。科學(xué)家稱,,分析計(jì)算90%的獸腳類物種的食物結(jié)果顯示它們絕大多數(shù)都是食草性動(dòng)物,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處:
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1200305
Dental Occlusion in a 260-Million-Year-Old Therapsid with Saber Canines from the Permian of Brazil
Juan Carlos Cisneros1,2, Fernando Abdala3, Bruce S. Rubidge3, Paula Camboim Dentzien-Dias4, and Ana de Oliveira Bueno2
Anomodonts, a group of herbivorous therapsid “mammal-like reptiles,” were the most abundant tetrapods of the Permian. We present a basal anomodont from South America, a new taxon that has transversally expanded palatal teeth and long saber canines. The function of the saber teeth is unknown, but probable uses include deterring attack from predators and intraspecific display or combat. The complex palatal teeth were used to process high-fiber food and represent early evidence of dental occlusion in a therapsid. This discovery provides new insight into the evolution of heterogeneous dentition in therapsids and broadens our understanding of ecological interactions at the end of the Paleozoic.