對遠(yuǎn)古脫氧核糖核酸(DNA)進(jìn)行的一項研究讓科學(xué)家看到了搶救世界上最瀕危的貓科動物的更多希望。
棲息地受損以及主要獵物——歐洲兔數(shù)量的下降,,導(dǎo)致生活在西班牙兩處隔離區(qū)內(nèi)的伊比利亞猞猁(Lynx pardinus)的種群數(shù)量直線下降,,至今已不足300只。
科學(xué)家正在試圖幫助開展一項育種計劃,,但是一些人認(rèn)為,,遺傳多樣性的匱乏——將導(dǎo)致近親繁殖的問題,以及沒有適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化的能力,,注定將宣判這一物種的滅絕,。
如今,通過對在骨骼化石中發(fā)現(xiàn)的DNA進(jìn)行的一項研究,,科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn),,至少在5萬年的時間里,伊比利亞猞猁一直具有非常低的遺傳多樣性,,以及由此而推斷出的較小種群,。
導(dǎo)致這一結(jié)果的原因尚未搞清,但伊比利亞猞猁總是能夠生存下去,。研究人員在《分子生態(tài)學(xué)》(Molecular Ecology )雜志上報告了他們的研究成果,。
因此研究人員指出,如果伊比利亞猞猁最終還是絕滅了,,那么不要責(zé)怪它的基因,,怪就怪缺乏拯救這種貓科動物的政治意愿。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05231.x
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50,000 years of genetic uniformity in the critically endangered Iberian lynx
RODRÍGUEZ, RICARDO; RAMÍREZ, OSCAR; VALDIOSERA, CRISTINA E.; GARCÍA, NURIA; ALDA, FERNANDO; MADURELL‐MALAPEIRA, JOAN; MARMI, JOSEP; DOADRIO, IGNACIO; WILLERSLEV, ESKE; GÖTHERSTRÖM, ANDERS; ARSUAGA, JUAN LUIS; THOMAS, MARK G.; LALUEZA‐FOX, CARLES; DALÉN, LOVE
Top of pageAbstractIntroductionMaterials and methodsResults and discussionAcknowledgementsReferencesData accessibilitySupporting InformationLow genetic diversity in the endangered Iberian lynx, including lack of mitochondrial control region variation, is thought to result from historical or Pleistocene/Holocene population bottlenecks, and to indicate poor long‐ erm viability. We find no variability in control region sequences from 19 Iberian lynx remains from across the Iberian Peninsula and spanning the last 50 000 years. This is best explained by continuously small female effective population size through time. We conclude that low genetic variability in the Iberian lynx is not in itself a threat to long‐ erm viability, and so should not preclude conservation efforts.