7月18日,Narure雜志發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果顯示,,向海中播撒硫酸鐵以促進(jìn)藻類生長(zhǎng)有助于吸收空氣中的二氧化碳,,但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,,這種方法會(huì)帶來(lái)怎樣的生態(tài)影響尚不清楚,,因此還不能加以推廣,。
一個(gè)國(guó)際研究小組在南極附近某個(gè)海流相對(duì)平靜的海域進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。這里的海水缺乏鐵元素,,藻類生長(zhǎng)不旺盛,。研究人員在總面積167平方公里的海域內(nèi)播撒了數(shù)噸硫酸鐵,并持續(xù)一個(gè)多月觀察藻類生長(zhǎng)情況,。
結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),,在播撒硫酸鐵后,海水中的藻類迅速生長(zhǎng),,并通過(guò)光合作用吸收貼近海面的二氧化碳,。據(jù)估算,向海中每“投放”一個(gè)鐵原子,,可使藻類從空氣中吸收約1.3萬(wàn)個(gè)碳原子,。
本次研究還測(cè)量了當(dāng)?shù)卦孱愃劳龊笤诤K械姆植记闆r。結(jié)果顯示,,其中至少有一半的死亡藻類沉入了超過(guò)1000米深的地方,,研究人員認(rèn)為這些下沉藻類中的很大一部分沉到了海底,這樣它們吸收的碳原子很可能“深鎖”海底,,從而切實(shí)產(chǎn)生減少空氣中二氧化碳的效果,。
不過(guò),研究人員也提醒說(shuō),,如果在海洋中大規(guī)模播撒鐵元素,,引發(fā)藻類大范圍爆發(fā)性生長(zhǎng),對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)會(huì)造成何種影響目前很難預(yù)料,,還需通過(guò)更多研究來(lái)探索,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nature.2012.11028
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Dumping iron at sea does sink carbon
Schiermeier Quirin;
In the search for methods to limit global warming, it seems that stimulating the growth of algae in the oceans might be an efficient way of removing excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere after all.
Despite other studies suggesting that this approach was ineffective, a recent analysis of an ocean-fertilization experiment eight years ago in the Southern Ocean indicates that encouraging algal blooms to grow can soak up carbon that is then deposited in the deep ocean as the algae die.
In February 2004, researchers involved in the European Iron Fertilization Experiment (EIFEX) fertilized 167 square kilometres of the Southern Ocean with several tonnes of iron sulphate. For 37 days, the team on board the German research vessel Polarstern monitored the bloom and demise of single-cell algae (phytoplankton) in the iron-limited but otherwise nutrient-rich ocean region.