當前,，全球氣候變化已成為不爭的事實,，也是國際社會關注的重要問題,。IPCC報告指出，近百年來,，中國氣溫上升幅度大于全球平均水平,。由于交錯帶氣候的過渡性和特殊性，形成風力侵蝕,、水力侵蝕,、重力侵蝕等，使得農(nóng)牧交錯帶的水土流失,、環(huán)境惡化,、沙塵暴頻繁等生態(tài)問題逐漸暴露出來，并且在農(nóng)牧交錯帶內(nèi)形成了具有多種侵蝕力共同作用的風水蝕復合區(qū),。但目前氣候變化對風水蝕復合區(qū)的影響研究尚屬空白,。
氣候變暖引起的蒸發(fā)加大，風速,、大風日數(shù)增加,，土壤表層水分散失虧損致使農(nóng)田干旱，荒漠化加速,，原本生產(chǎn)水平低下,、產(chǎn)量不穩(wěn)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)面臨更大威脅。自然驅動因子將有利于土壤侵蝕的擴大,。
中國科學院寒區(qū)旱區(qū)環(huán)境與工程研究所科研人員通過實地考察和對氣象資料地分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：風水蝕復合區(qū)是農(nóng)牧交錯帶中較為敏感的區(qū)域，有著氣候地貌多樣化,、侵蝕動力多樣化,、生態(tài)問題嚴重的特點。主要研究結論為,，風水蝕復合區(qū)隨著降水的增加而向大陸內(nèi)部移動,；降水減少，則移動方向相反,。全球氣候增加2℃,、降水不變時，風水蝕復合區(qū)范圍向東南擴張,，北界移動相對較少,，并將進一步加劇風水蝕復合區(qū)的土壤侵蝕,。
本研究成果對后續(xù)相關研究奠定了科學的理論基礎，對風水蝕復合區(qū)的環(huán)境治理及農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展有積極指導意義,。
本研究項目受到水利部公益性科研專項（201201047）,、國家重點基礎研究發(fā)展計劃項目（2007CB407203）共同資助；研究成果發(fā)表于《中國沙漠》,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
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The Effect of Climate Change on Wind-water Complex Erosion Region
AN Zhi-shan1, LI Dong-liang2, WANG Tao1, ZHANG Wei-min1, QU Jian-jun1
Abstract： The wind-water complex erosion region is a sensitive part of agro-pasture interlocked zone in northern China, and has significant response to global climate change. The concept and geographical scope of the wind-water complex erosion region have been defined through on-the-spot investigation and meteorological data analysis. In the wind-water complex erosion region, wind and water have combined action, and ecological environment there is vulnerable. Therefore, the diverse weather and erosion forces give rise to soil erosion and desertification, which are serious in the wind-water complex erosion region. It has also developed unique geomorphologic landscape. The boundary of wind-water complex erosion region is influenced by precipitation and it exhibits a characteristic of north-south direction swing. It moves to southeast in dry years, and to northwest in humid years.
