本期Nature Communications上發(fā)表的一篇論文報告說,，海洋保護區(qū)能迅速增加魚群數(shù)量,，而不會使?jié)O民處于不利地位,。這項工作有可能幫助使設立海洋保護區(qū)作為一個可行的漁業(yè)管理方案更多地被人們接受。海洋保護區(qū)是指在其中對人類活動加以限制,、以保持或恢復自然環(huán)境及其所含生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的區(qū)域,。然而，有關海洋保護區(qū)對漁業(yè)動態(tài)影響的文獻很少,，它們對漁民的好處也一直受到質疑,。反對將海洋保護區(qū)作為一個漁業(yè)管理工具的經濟觀點是，它們一開始會減少漁獲量,，并有可能永久性地增加漁（捕魚時）需要旅行的距離,。
Svan Kerwath、Colin Attwood及其同事利用15年時間的全國性數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),，位于南非開普敦以東的“Goukamma海洋保護區(qū)”的設立就Chrysoblephus laticeps（當?shù)匾环N海鯛）來說對相鄰漁場是有利的,。這一區(qū)域的總漁獲量從1985年起有所下降，但這個研究小組報告說,，魚類數(shù)量在該海洋保護區(qū)設立一年后的1991年開始增長了,。在漁獲量增長的同時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有證據(jù)證明該海洋保護區(qū)的設立造成總漁獲量下降,、或造成船隊或漁民的旅行距離增加,。
對來自南非的取決于漁場的數(shù)據(jù)所做的這一分析表明，“Goukamma海洋保護區(qū)”在實現(xiàn)漁場管理和保護目標上獲得了成功,。因此作者得出結論認為,，海洋保護區(qū)附近的漁場在保護政策實施之后能夠迅速恢復，并且可能不會對漁民造成負面影響,。（生物谷 Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Nature Communications doi:10.1038/ncomms3347
Marine protected area improves yield without disadvantaging fishers
Sven E. Kerwath,1, 2 Henning Winker,2 Albrecht Götz3 & Colin G. Attwood2
Potential fishery benefits of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are widely acknowledged, yet seldom demonstrated, as fishery data series that straddle MPA establishment are seldom available. Here we postulate, based on a 15-year time series of nation-wide, spatially referenced catch and effort data, that the establishment of the Goukamma MPA (18 km alongshore; 40 km2) benefited the adjacent fishery for roman (Chrysoblephus laticeps), a South African endemic seabream. Roman-directed catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) in the vicinity of the new MPA immediately increased, contradicting trends across this species’ distribution. The increase continued after 5 years, the time lag expected for larval export, effectively doubling the pre-MPA CPUE after 10 years. We find no indication that establishing the MPA caused a systematic drop in total catch or increased travel distances for the fleet. Our results provide rare empirical evidence of rapidly increasing catch rates after MPA implementation without measurable disadvantages for fishers.
