記者從中科院昆明動(dòng)物研究所獲悉,，該所系統(tǒng)進(jìn)化與生物地理學(xué)研究組的科研人員,，通過(guò)多年的監(jiān)測(cè)和數(shù)據(jù)收集，首次明確了云南高原特有種中甸葉須魚的體長(zhǎng)與體重關(guān)系,、年齡與生長(zhǎng)曲線,、繁殖時(shí)間、周期等基礎(chǔ)生物學(xué)和生態(tài)學(xué)資料,。研究成果日前發(fā)表于魚類生態(tài)學(xué)SCI期刊《應(yīng)用魚類學(xué)報(bào)》,。
據(jù)該研究組博士陳小勇介紹，中甸葉須魚為鯉形目鯉科裂腹魚亞科魚類,，為我國(guó)云南高原特有種,。該種歷史上分布于云南省迪慶藏族自治州的小中甸河、那亞河,、碧塔海,、屬都湖和納帕海，是青藏高原隆升地質(zhì)背景下,，裂腹魚類三級(jí)演化過(guò)程中的特化等級(jí)物種,。近年來(lái)其野外種群數(shù)量減少，受危因素增多,，被《中國(guó)物種紅色名錄》認(rèn)定為瀕危物種,。
在科技部和云南省科技廳的支持下，該研究組從2008年起,，對(duì)中甸地區(qū)原中甸葉須魚的分布區(qū)域進(jìn)行了水生生物監(jiān)測(cè),。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，目前,，中甸葉須魚僅在碧塔海中殘存一定種群,，其物種地位更加瀕危。
“通過(guò)野外數(shù)據(jù)的收集,，我們利用漩渦模型分析了中甸葉須魚的種群生存力，預(yù)測(cè)了理想狀態(tài)下未來(lái)100年內(nèi),，其種群動(dòng)態(tài),、自然災(zāi)害和人為干擾等外界因素的變化導(dǎo)致種群的變動(dòng)趨勢(shì)。我們認(rèn)為,，人類活動(dòng)對(duì)中甸葉須魚的影響持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng),，程度大,，是威脅魚類生存的最主要的因素。”陳小勇告訴記者,，目前,，人類活動(dòng)造成的不利因素累積，可能在20%以上,，如果不采取相應(yīng)的保護(hù)措施,，這種不利影響將會(huì)逐漸加強(qiáng)，一旦超過(guò)35%,，中甸葉須魚將會(huì)面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn),。（生物谷 Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Journal of Applied Ichthyology DOI: 10.1111/jai.12143
Length-weight relationship and biological data of a threatened fish, Ptychobarbus chungtienensis (Tsao, 1964) in Bita Lake of Shangri-La, Yunnan, China
W. S. Jiang1, Y. P. Zhao1,2, W. Y. Wang1,2, J. X. Yang1, X. Y. Chen1,*
This paper provides the length-weight relationship (LWR) and other biological information of a threatened plateau freshwater fish species Ptychobarbus chungtienensis in the subfamily Schizothoracinae of the family Cyprinidae, from the Bita Lake of Shangri-la, in Yunnan, China. The LWR was BW = 0.00954 TL2.95 for a total of 392 individuals, where the coefficient b was close to 3.0, suggesting a near-isometric growth in this species. The total length: standard length relationship was TL = 0.399 + 1.151 SL. Fitting a von Bertalanffy growth function to the observed length-at-age data resulted in L(t) = 53.1 (1-e−0.08(t−0.2)). The natural mortality rate (M) was 0.20 year−1. Length at first maturity (Lm) was 20.57 cm, and 6.3 years the theoretical estimated age at first maturity (Am). Ptychobarbus chungtienensis mature gradually beginning in May, reaching a reproduction peak around August, with most individuals completing reproduction by October. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) was highest in August (GSI = 0.1351) and lowest in October (GSI = 0.0467). The male index (GSI = 0.0866) was lower than in females (GSI = 0.1466) (P < 0.05). Mean condition factor (Km) of P. chungtienensis was 0.8500, and not significantly different between sexes (P = 0.124), but differing significantly between seasons. In October the condition factor (Km = 0.9211) was significantly higher than in May (Km = 0.8379) or in August (Km = 0.8412) (P < 0.05).
