看到可愛的貓咪,,不少人喜歡上前撫摸它。這時(shí),,有的貓咪會(huì)躲開,,有的則會(huì)表現(xiàn)出享受愛撫的樣子。一項(xiàng)國際研究則顯示,,撫摸會(huì)增加貓咪的壓力,;有的貓咪之所以“容忍”撫摸,是因?yàn)樗鼈冚^為“大度”,,其結(jié)果是讓自己承受更大壓力,。
撫摸增壓力
英國林肯大學(xué)、奧地利獸醫(yī)大學(xué)和巴西圣保羅大學(xué)的動(dòng)物行為專家開展一項(xiàng)聯(lián)合研究,,檢測不同品種的貓咪被撫摸前后的壓力激素水平,。結(jié)果顯示,貓咪在被人撫摸后會(huì)釋放出與焦慮有關(guān)的激素,,換句話說,,貓咪不喜歡被撫摸。有的貓咪雖然忍受被撫摸,,但實(shí)際上它們因此承受的壓力比不忍受撫摸還要大,。
英國《每日郵報(bào)》8日援引林肯大學(xué)獸醫(yī)行為醫(yī)學(xué)教授丹尼爾·米爾斯的話報(bào)道:“我們的研究數(shù)據(jù)顯示,對(duì)撫摸持‘寬容’態(tài)度的貓咪……承受的壓力最大。”
研究人員據(jù)此建議愛貓人士:考慮到貓咪的感受,,最好不要不停撫摸它們,。
群居助減壓
為了解貓咪如何適應(yīng)與人和其他貓咪共同生活,研究人員觀察家中養(yǎng)一只,、兩只或三只以上的貓咪,,檢測“獨(dú)居”貓咪和過“集體生活”貓咪的壓力激素水平,發(fā)現(xiàn)2歲以下獨(dú)居貓咪承受的壓力高于群居貓咪,,推翻先前人們普遍認(rèn)為的貓咪適宜獨(dú)居的觀念,。
米爾斯說:“一些人在家中養(yǎng)多只貓,有人認(rèn)為這不利于貓咪的福利,。我們的研究顯示,,并非如此。它們之間即便成不了好朋友,,也能夠通過適當(dāng)組織分配來避免壓力,。”
動(dòng)物行為專家建議家中飼養(yǎng)多只貓咪的主人,應(yīng)讓貓咪選擇如何分享活動(dòng)空間,,并給每只貓咪安排專屬的進(jìn)食,、排泄場所。
相關(guān)研究報(bào)告由最新一期《生理學(xué)與行為》發(fā)表,。
壓力致反常
人在壓力之下會(huì)出現(xiàn)生理及心理上的不良反應(yīng),,貓咪同樣如此。
英國布里斯托爾大學(xué)貓行為學(xué)家約翰·布拉德肖說,,壓力可能導(dǎo)致貓咪容易患上濕疹等皮膚病或膀胱炎等疾病,。生活在城市中的貓咪由于活動(dòng)空間小、壓力大,,常會(huì)出現(xiàn)打斗等脫離秩序的行為,。
不過,寵物貓對(duì)主人的減壓作用不可小視,。美國明尼蘇達(dá)大學(xué)先前一項(xiàng)研究顯示,,養(yǎng)貓可以將一個(gè)人突發(fā)心臟病和中風(fēng)的幾率降低至少三分之一。研究負(fù)責(zé)人阿德南·庫雷希教授認(rèn)為,,輕拍貓咪會(huì)降低人血液中與壓力有關(guān)的激素分泌量,,壓力減輕后,人的血壓會(huì)隨之降低,,心率會(huì)下降,患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)會(huì)減少,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Physiology & Behavior doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.08.028
Are cats (Felis catus) from multi-cat households more stressed,? Evidence from assessment of fecal glucocorticoid metabolite analysis
D. Ramosa,A. Reche-Juniora,, P.L. Fragosoa,, R. Palmeb,, N.K. Yanassea, V.R. Gouvêaa,, A. Beckc,, D.S.Millsd
Given the social and territorial features described in feral cats, it is commonly assumed that life in multi-cat households is stressful for domestic cats and suggested that cats kept as single pets are likely to have better welfare. On the other hand,, it has been hypothesized that under high densities cats can organize themselves socially thus preventing stress when spatial dispersion is unavailable. This study was aimed at comparing the general arousal underpinning emotional distress in single housed cats and in cats from multi-cat households (2 and 3–4 cats) on the basis of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (GCM) measured via enzyme immunoassay (EIA). GCM did not significantly vary as a function of living style (single,, double or group-housing); highly stressed individuals were equally likely in the three groups. Young cats in multi-cat households had lower GCM,, and overall cats that tolerate (as opposed to dislike) petting by the owners tended to have higher GCM levels. Other environmental aspects within cat houses (e.g. relationship with humans,, resource availability) may play a more important role in day to day feline arousal levels than the number of cats per se.