安溪鐵觀音是我國的經(jīng)典名茶之一，在區(qū)域經(jīng)濟和可持續(xù)發(fā)展中扮演著重要的角色,，但其生產(chǎn)和外銷過程中受到各種環(huán)境和品質(zhì)的困擾,。當?shù)卣娃r(nóng)戶為解決這些問題做了大量的探索，但推廣應用舉步維艱,。原因何在,？應該如何解決？要解決這些問題,，首先要做的就是對主要模式系統(tǒng)進行多層次的生態(tài)經(jīng)濟定量分析與評價,，找出關鍵原因，然后才能對癥下藥,。

針對這一問題,，華南植物園生態(tài)及環(huán)境科學研究中心碩士研究生曾憲曙在導師陸宏芳副研究員的指導下，綜合運用能值,、經(jīng)濟學和統(tǒng)計學方法,，定量分析評價安溪鐵觀音茶葉從育苗、種植到加工3個生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)下的9種生產(chǎn)模式的生態(tài)經(jīng)濟特性,。其研究表明：種植亞系統(tǒng)采用有機肥代替部分化肥,，可有效的減少外界資源對系統(tǒng)的負載壓力，提升系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)能力,；然而,，由于目前有機肥和人力投入的成本相對較高，混合使用有機肥和化肥的生產(chǎn)模式比全部使用化肥生產(chǎn)模式的經(jīng)濟效益要低,；在同等規(guī)模下使用自家生產(chǎn)的茶青進行加工,，能夠提高經(jīng)濟效益和可持續(xù)發(fā)展?；实倪^量施用和勞動力效率低是當前制約安溪茶葉種植系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的主要因素,。(生物谷Bioon.com)

生物谷推薦的英文摘要

Ecological Engineering       http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.09.004

Integrated emergy and economic evaluation of tea production chains in Anxi, China

Xianshu Zenga, Hongfang Lu, Daniel E. Campbell, Hai Ren

Emergy and economic methods were used to evaluate and compare tea production systems in Anxi, China. Tea production was classified into three phases, i.e., the nursery, the plantation and tea processing, and each phase was evaluated. The results showed that the nursery subsystems were profitable with an economic output/input ratio of 2.86. However, the inclusion of a nursery had no significant influence on the sustainability of the tea plantation system, because it was a small part of the total input to the system. Applying organic fertilizer to replace 66% of the chemical fertilizer decreased the pressure of chemical loading on the environment, and as a result the cultivation phase's emergy sustainability index (ESI) increased 2.10 times. However, due to the relatively high price of organic fertilizer and the labor to spread it, the economic output/input ratio (1.61) of the mixed organic and chemical fertilizer mode was less than that of the chemical fertilizer mode (1.80). If all the tea leaves used in the processing phase were produced on the farm, instead of purchased from outside, about 30% of the economic cost of processing could be saved, and as a result the economic output/input ratio would increase by 41%; the ESI would increase 5.48 times and the emergy index for sustainable development (EISD) would increase 11.05 times. The overuse of chemical fertilizer and low productivity of labor are key problems that need to be solved for further optimization of the Anxi tea plantation systems.