生物谷報道：“伊人天上來，復歸天上去,。”風華絕代“林妹妹”因乳腺癌憾別人間,。乳腺癌是全球婦女的頭號癌癥殺手，每年導致50萬人死亡,。之前的研究結果顯示,，某些食物特別是含有抗氧化劑的食物能夠顯著降低乳腺癌的發(fā)病率?？寡趸瘎┠軌蝾A防DNA損傷造成的突變,，因此有降低癌發(fā)率的功效。近年來,，醫(yī)師一直希望證實,，增加含抗氧化劑豐富的水果和蔬菜的攝入量，能夠降低婦女罹患乳腺癌的風險,。
一項最新研究結果顯示,，日食五份以上的水果和蔬菜——美國食品與藥品管理局（FDA）推薦的數(shù)量，沒有額外的抗乳腺癌的作用,。然而,，攝入五份的水果和蔬菜似乎仍有抗乳腺癌作用。
乳腺癌是全球婦女的頭號癌癥殺手,，每年導致50萬人死亡,。之前的研究結果顯示，某些食物特別是含有抗氧化劑的食物能夠顯著降低乳腺癌的發(fā)病率,?？寡趸瘎┠軌蝾A防DNA損傷造成的突變，因此有降低癌發(fā)率的功效,。近年來,，醫(yī)師一直希望證實，增加含抗氧化劑豐富的水果和蔬菜的攝入量,，能夠降低婦女罹患乳腺癌的風險,。
加州大學圣地牙哥分校John Pierce與其同事對3000名之前接受過早期乳腺癌（early-stage breast cancer）治療的婦女的健康情況進行跟蹤調(diào)查。其中半數(shù)的婦女收到傳單,，上面推薦FDA認可的日食五份水果和蔬菜的治療方法,，另半數(shù)婦女收到的傳單上不僅包括上述建議的數(shù)量，還包括吃額外數(shù)量的水果,、蔬菜以及吃膳食纖維和低脂食物,。
7年后，研究人員將兩組的復發(fā)率和新發(fā)生的乳腺癌的比例進行對比,，所得結果相似,。兩種治療策略的結果相似，說明附加食物沒有帶來附加效果。盡管過多的水果和蔬菜不會降低患病風險,，Pierce強調(diào)他們小組之前的研究結果顯示,，吃至少是所推薦的數(shù)量再加上有規(guī)律的身體操練確實有效，“不需要過量,。”詳細內(nèi)容刊登于本周Journal of the American Medical Association雜志,。
這份報告并不是堅不可摧的，哈佛大學流行病學家JoAnn Manson認為研究人員還需要實際跟蹤收到這些傳單的人群：他們不一定“照方辦事”,。然而,，哈佛大學影響學家和流行病學家Meir Stampfer雖然額外的食物對防癌無效，但也可以幫助婦女延年益壽,，也許是降低了心血管病的發(fā)病率。
注：雖然此類研究技術含量不高,，但的確關乎百姓幸福安康,，國內(nèi)有沒有相似的研究呢，或者說相似研究在國內(nèi)有無贊助單位呢,？
原始出處:
Journal of the American Medical Association
Vol. 298 No. 3, July 18, 2007
Influence of a Diet Very High in Vegetables, Fruit, and Fiber and Low in Fat on Prognosis Following Treatment for Breast Cancer
The Women's Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) Randomized Trial
John P. Pierce, PhD; Loki Natarajan, PhD; Bette J. Caan, DrPh; Barbara A. Parker, MD; E. Robert Greenberg, MD; Shirley W. Flatt, MS; Cheryl L. Rock, PhD, RD; Sheila Kealey, MPH; Wael K. Al-Delaimy, MD, PhD; Wayne A. Bardwell, PhD; Robert W. Carlson, MD; Jennifer A. Emond, MS; Susan Faerber, BA; Ellen B. Gold, PhD; Richard A. Hajek, PhD; Kathryn Hollenbach, PhD; Lovell A. Jones, PhD; Njeri Karanja, PhD; Lisa Madlensky, PhD; James Marshall, PhD; Vicky A. Newman, MS, RD; Cheryl Ritenbaugh, PhD, MPH; Cynthia A. Thomson, PhD; Linda Wasserman, MD, PhD; Marcia L. Stefanick, PhD
JAMA. 2007;298:289-298.
Context Evidence is lacking that a dietary pattern high in vegetables, fruit, and fiber and low in total fat can influence breast cancer recurrence or survival.
Objective To assess whether a major increase in vegetable, fruit, and fiber intake and a decrease in dietary fat intake reduces the risk of recurrent and new primary breast cancer and all-cause mortality among women with previously treated early stage breast cancer.
Design, Setting, and Participants Multi-institutional randomized controlled trial of dietary change in 3088 women previously treated for early stage breast cancer who were 18 to 70 years old at diagnosis. Women were enrolled between 1995 and 2000 and followed up through June 1, 2006.
Intervention The intervention group (n = 1537) was randomly assigned to receive a telephone counseling program supplemented with cooking classes and newsletters that promoted daily targets of 5 vegetable servings plus 16 oz of vegetable juice; 3 fruit servings; 30 g of fiber; and 15% to 20% of energy intake from fat. The comparison group (n = 1551) was provided with print materials describing the "5-A-Day" dietary guidelines.
Main Outcome Measures Invasive breast cancer event (recurrence or new primary) or death from any cause.
Results From comparable dietary patterns at baseline, a conservative imputation analysis showed that the intervention group achieved and maintained the following statistically significant differences vs the comparison group through 4 years: servings of vegetables, +65%; fruit, +25%; fiber, +30%, and energy intake from fat, –13%. Plasma carotenoid concentrations validated changes in fruit and vegetable intake. Throughout the study, women in both groups received similar clinical care. Over the mean 7.3-year follow-up, 256 women in the intervention group (16.7%) vs 262 in the comparison group (16.9%) experienced an invasive breast cancer event (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-1.14; P = .63), and 155 intervention group women (10.1%) vs 160 comparison group women (10.3%) died (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-1.15; P = .43). No significant interactions were observed between diet group and baseline demographics, characteristics of the original tumor, baseline dietary pattern, or breast cancer treatment.
Conclusion Among survivors of early stage breast cancer, adoption of a diet that was very high in vegetables, fruit, and fiber and low in fat did not reduce additional breast cancer events or mortality during a 7.3-year follow-up period.
Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00003787
Author Affiliations: Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla (Drs Pierce, Natarajan, Parker, Rock, Al-Delaimy, Bardwell, Hollenbach, Madlensky, and Wasserman and Mss Flatt, Kealey, Faerber, and Newman); Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland (Dr Caan); Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington (Dr Greenberg); Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Center (Dr Carlson) and Stanford Prevention Research Center (Dr Stefanick), Stanford University, Stanford, California; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, University of California, San Diego (Ms Emond); Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis (Dr Gold); M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston (Drs Hajek and Jones); Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon (Dr Karanja); Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY (Dr Marshall); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Dr Ritenbaugh) and Arizona Cancer Center, Department of Nutritional Sciences (Dr Thomson), University of Arizona, Tucson.
