朊蛋白一向都與臭名昭著的瘋牛病聯(lián)系在一起,提起朊蛋白就不得不讓人想起瘋牛病,,假如您有這樣的想法,,今天一篇Cell文章可能會改變您對朊蛋白的看法,,來自白頭研究所和霍華休斯研究所的科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)酵母的朊蛋白具有促進酵母適應環(huán)境變化的功能,,所以說,朊蛋白并非一無是處,,它也有好的一面,。
西北大學研究酵母朊蛋白的生物化學家Liming Li說,這項研究成果令人著迷,,并且具有重要的生物學意義,。這些研究結(jié)果甚至表明朊蛋白在表觀遺傳學中起重要的作用,對基因表達的調(diào)控有重要的意義,。
該文章的通訊作者白頭研究所的分子生物學家Susan Lindquist表示,在先前的研究中,,科學家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)在酵母中有3-4個蛋白是朊蛋白,,因此她和同事希望能深入篩選,找找酵母中的其他朊蛋白,。于是她們在朊蛋白富集的基因組區(qū)域內(nèi)尋找朊蛋白的信息,,結(jié)果找出200余種符合阮蛋白標準的序列。
這一結(jié)果表明酵母細胞內(nèi)的朊蛋白的含量遠比之前假設的要多,。有些甚至出現(xiàn)的頻率十分高,,研究人員懷疑朊蛋白對酵母的正常機能的維持具有重要的作用。她們分析了Mot3,,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)正常的Mot3能幫助酵母構(gòu)建完整的柔軟的細胞壁,,而發(fā)生突變的Mot3會導致酵母細胞壁變得僵硬。
在正常的情況小,,酵母需要一個柔軟的細胞壁,,這樣有助它快速地分裂繁殖,如果細胞壁變得僵硬會抑制酵母細胞分化生長,。
研究者猜測,,朊蛋白的這一情況不僅存在于酵母中,,在其他生命體中朊蛋白也許也具有重要的功能和作用。作者之一Halfmann稱,,他們將在下一步對其他生命體的朊蛋白進行研究,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Cell, 3 April 2009 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.02.044
A Systematic Survey Identifies Prions and Illuminates Sequence Features of Prionogenic Proteins
Simon Alberti1,5,Randal Halfmann1,3,5,Oliver King1,4,Atul Kapila1,3andSusan Lindquist1,2,3,,
1 Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
3 Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
4 Boston Biomedical Research Institute, Watertown, MA 02472, USA
5 These authors contributed equally to this work
Prions are proteins that convert between structurally and functionally distinct states, one or more of which is transmissible. In yeast, this ability allows them to act as non-Mendelian elements of phenotypic inheritance. To further our understanding of prion biology, we conducted a bioinformatic proteome-wide survey for prionogenic proteins in S. cerevisiae, followed by experimental investigations of 100 prion candidates. We found an unexpected amino acid bias in aggregation-prone candidates and discovered that 19 of these could also form prions. At least one of these prion proteins, Mot3, produces a bona fide prion in its natural context that increases population-level phenotypic heterogeneity. The self-perpetuating states of these proteins present a vast source of heritable phenotypic variation that increases the adaptability of yeast populations to diverse environments.