洛克菲勒大學(xué)分子免疫學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,，西奈山醫(yī)學(xué)院基因與細(xì)胞醫(yī)學(xué)系，霍華休斯醫(yī)學(xué)院（HHMI）免疫學(xué)系的研究者在最新一期的Science雜志上發(fā)表封面文章,，文章主要講述樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞的發(fā)育機(jī)制，文章標(biāo)題：In Vivo Analysis of Dendritic Cell Development and Homeostasis,。
樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞是由美國(guó)學(xué)者Steinman于1973年發(fā)現(xiàn)的,，是目前所知的功能最強(qiáng)的抗原提呈細(xì)胞，因其成熟時(shí)伸出許多樹(shù)突樣或偽足樣突起而得名,。樹(shù)突狀細(xì)胞（Dendritic cells, DC）是機(jī)體功能最強(qiáng)的專職抗原遞呈細(xì)胞(Antigen presenting cells, APC),，它能高效地?cái)z取、加工處理和遞呈抗原,，未成熟DC具有較強(qiáng)的遷移能力,，成熟DC能有效激活初始型T細(xì)胞，處于啟動(dòng),、調(diào)控、并維持免疫應(yīng)答的中心環(huán)節(jié),。
樹(shù)突細(xì)胞根據(jù)其起源分為髓樣樹(shù)突細(xì)胞（myeloid dendritic cells,，MDC），和淋巴樣樹(shù)突細(xì)胞（Lymophiod dendritic cells,，LDC）,。對(duì)于淋巴樣樹(shù)突細(xì)胞而言，它與相同前體分化的核單核細(xì)胞系在發(fā)育前定居在什么地方,，如何從骨髓進(jìn)入到外周淋巴器官這些機(jī)制一直不明,。
Michael的研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)巨噬細(xì)胞和DC前體細(xì)胞逐漸發(fā)育成普通的DC前體細(xì)胞，普通的前體細(xì)胞發(fā)育成類漿DC細(xì)胞（Plasmacytoid DCs）和經(jīng)典的脾臟DCs（spleen DCs,，cDCs）,，最終定型為前體cDCs。前體cDCs細(xì)胞（Pre-cDCs）進(jìn)入淋巴結(jié)，移行至高度內(nèi)皮化的小靜脈,，最終分散到淋巴結(jié)中,，進(jìn)入樹(shù)突細(xì)胞網(wǎng)絡(luò)定居下來(lái)。關(guān)于cDC細(xì)胞發(fā)育的更深入的調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制比如細(xì)胞周期等這些受調(diào)節(jié)性T細(xì)胞和fms樣絡(luò)氨酸激酶受體3有關(guān),。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Science 17 April 2009:DOI: 10.1126/science.1170540
In Vivo Analysis of Dendritic Cell Development and Homeostasis
Kang Liu,1* Gabriel D. Victora,1 Tanja A. Schwickert,1 Pierre Guermonprez,1 Matthew M. Meredith,1 Kaihui Yao,1 Fei-Fan Chu,1 Gwendalyn J. Randolph,2 Alexander Y. Rudensky,3,4 Michel Nussenzweig1,4*
Dendritic cells (DCs) in lymphoid tissue arise from precursors that also produce monocytes and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs). Where DC and monocyte lineage commitment occurs and the nature of the DC precursor that migrates from the bone marrow to peripheral lymphoid organs are unknown. We show that DC development progresses from the macrophage and DC precursor to common DC precursors that give rise to pDCs and classical spleen DCs (cDCs), but not monocytes, and finally to committed precursors of cDCs (pre-cDCs). Pre-cDCs enter lymph nodes through and migrate along high endothelial venules and later disperse and integrate into the DC network. Further cDC development involves cell division, which is controlled in part by regulatory T cells and fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-3.
1 Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
2 Department of Gene and Cell Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
3 Department of Immunology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
4 HHMI, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
