近日來自中科院動物所的研究人員在《公共科學圖書館—綜合》（PLoS ONE）上發(fā)表論文稱,，他們證實人類景觀對小羚羊產(chǎn)生了比高山大湖粳稻的種群基因交流隔離效應,。這一研究獲得了國家自然科學基金、院知識創(chuàng)新工程,、國家科技支撐項目、國家林業(yè)局,、IUCN Sir Peter Scot Fund等項目的資助,。
領導這一研究的是中科院動物所的首席研究員蔣志剛教授。論文的其他作者還包括楊繼,、曾巖,、買爾旦?吐爾干、方紅霞和李春旺等人,。
以往的研究認為,，高山峽谷、大江大湖阻隔了物種的基因交流,，地理隔離是物種形成的主要原因,。中科院動物研究所野生動物與行為生態(tài)研究組最近的研究證明：即使在平坦的草原上，村落等居民點也能隔斷野生動物種群之間的基因交流,。
在這篇文章中,，研究人員證實僅分布在青海湖盆地、共和盆地平坦草原上的善于奔跑的小羚羊——普氏原羚種群之間已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生遺傳結構分化,，而人類景觀是造成這種中國特有物種遺傳結構分化的主要原因,，人類景觀對普氏原羚種群基因交流的阻隔效應比青海湖、青海湖南山等地理景觀的阻隔效應更大,，因而加劇了這一物種的瀕危,。
審稿人指出，本研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)是一個對科技界有重要影響的發(fā)現(xiàn)。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
PLoS ONE DOI：10.1371/journal.pone.0020144
Effect of Anthropogenic Landscape Features on Population Genetic Differentiation of Przewalski's Gazelle: Main Role of Human Settlement
Ji Yang,Zhigang Jiang,Yan Zeng,Mardan Turghan,Hongxia Fang,Chunwang Li
Anthropogenic landscapes influence evolutionary processes such as population genetic differentiation, however, not every type of landscape features exert the same effect on a species, hence it is necessary to estimate their relative effect for species management and conservation. Przewalski's gazelle (Procapra przewalskii), which inhabits a human-altered area on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is one of the most endangered antelope species in the world. Here, we report a landscape genetic study on Przewalski's gazelle. We used skin and fecal samples of 169 wild gazelles collected from nine populations and thirteen microsatellite markers to assess the genetic effect of anthropogenic landscape features on this species. For comparison, the genetic effect of geographical distance and topography were also evaluated. We found significant genetic differentiation, six genetic groups and restricted dispersal pattern in Przewalski's gazelle. Topography, human settlement and road appear to be responsible for observed genetic differentiation as they were significantly correlated with both genetic distance measures [FST/(1?FST) and F′ST/(1?F′ST)] in Mantel tests. IBD (isolation by distance) was also inferred as a significant factor in Mantel tests when genetic distance was measured as FST/(1?FST). However, using partial Mantel tests, AICc calculations, causal modeling and AMOVA analysis, we found that human settlement was the main factor shaping current genetic differentiation among those tested. Altogether, our results reveal the relative influence of geographical distance, topography and three anthropogenic landscape-type on population genetic differentiation of Przewalski's gazelle and provide useful information for conservation measures on this endangered species.
