2012年9月26日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --在一項(xiàng)刊登于PNAS期刊上的新研究中,，來自美國華盛頓州立大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)新的證據(jù)表明塑料添加劑雙酚A(bisphenol A, BPA)能夠破壞女性的生殖系統(tǒng)，導(dǎo)致染色體損傷,、流產(chǎn)和出生缺陷,。
在這項(xiàng)研究中，華盛頓州立大學(xué)遺傳學(xué)家Patricia Hunt 和同事們報(bào)道,，在體內(nèi)含有的BPA水平類似于人體內(nèi)的恒河猴中,，他們觀察到生殖異常,。通過一種與人類生殖系統(tǒng)最為相似的動(dòng)物,，研究人員支持Hunt和其他人在之前的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)BPA對(duì)嚙齒類動(dòng)物的生殖產(chǎn)生廣泛性的影響,。
在這項(xiàng)研究中,，研究人員將不同妊娠猴子小組接觸每天一次的BPA劑量,、持續(xù)低劑量BPA,，并觀察它們?nèi)绾斡绊懘菩蕴旱纳诚到y(tǒng),。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)在成體卵發(fā)育的最早階段,，卵細(xì)胞不能正確地分裂。較早前的小鼠研究證實(shí)類似的干擾導(dǎo)致成熟卵產(chǎn)生遺傳缺陷,。
染色體數(shù)目錯(cuò)誤的受精卵幾乎總是不能達(dá)成妥協(xié)，從而導(dǎo)致自發(fā)性流產(chǎn)或產(chǎn)生具有出生缺陷的后代,。
在持續(xù)性接觸BPA的猴子中,，Hunt在猴子妊娠第三個(gè)月時(shí)觀察到進(jìn)一步的并發(fā)癥：猴子胎兒卵在卵泡中不能正確地被包裝。卵子需要被正確地包裝才能生長(zhǎng),、發(fā)育和成熟,。(生物谷：Bioon.com)
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1207854109
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PMID:
Bisphenol A alters early oogenesis and follicle formation in the fetal ovary of the rhesus monkey
Patricia A. Hunta,1, Crystal Lawsona, Mary Gieskea, Brenda Murdocha, Helen Smitha, Alyssa Marrea, Terry Hassolda, and Catherine A. VandeVoort
Widespread use of the endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol A (BPA) in consumer products has resulted in nearly continuous human exposure. In rodents, low-dose exposures have been reported to adversely affect two distinct stages of oogenesis in the developing ovary: the events of prophase at the onset of meiosis in the fetal ovary and the formation of follicles in the perinatal ovary. Because these effects could influence the reproductive longevity and success of the exposed individual, we conducted studies in the rhesus monkey to determine whether BPA induces similar disturbances in the developing primate ovary. The routes and levels of human exposure are unclear; hence, two different exposure protocols were used: single daily oral doses and continuous exposure via subdermal implant. Our analyses of second trimester fetuses exposed at the time of meiotic onset suggest that, as in mice, BPA induces subtle disturbances in the prophase events that set the stage for chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division. Our analyses of third-trimester fetuses exposed to single daily oral doses during the time of follicle formation revealed an increase in multioocyte follicles analogous to that reported in rodents. However, two unique phenotypes were evident in continuously exposed animals: persistent unenclosed oocytes in the medullary region and small, nongrowing oocytes in secondary and antral follicles. Because effects on both stages of oogenesis were elicited using doses that yield circulating levels of BPA analogous to those reported in humans, these findings raise concerns for human reproductive health.
