2012年10月26日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --在一項(xiàng)新的研究中,,包括來(lái)自加拿大西蒙弗雷澤大學(xué)的兩位研究人員在內(nèi)的5名科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)我們30%多發(fā)性硬化癥(Multiple Sclerosis, MS)遺傳易感性能夠用我們基因組上的475806個(gè)基因變異體來(lái)解釋,。全基因組關(guān)聯(lián)分析(Genome-wide Association Studies, GWAS)常被用來(lái)篩選這些變異體,以便尋求疾病的基因關(guān)聯(lián)性,。西蒙弗雷澤大學(xué)生物學(xué)博士研究生Corey Watson和他的導(dǎo)師Felix Breden與來(lái)自英國(guó)的三名科學(xué)家最近他們的研究結(jié)果刊登在Scientific Reports期刊上,。
多發(fā)性硬化癥是一種中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的炎性疾病,也是年輕人中最為常見的神經(jīng)疾病。
Watson和他的同事們密切地研究了在1845名多發(fā)性硬化癥病人體內(nèi)利用全基因組關(guān)聯(lián)分析鑒定出的主要組織相容性復(fù)合體(major histocompatibility complex, MHC)變異體,,并協(xié)助量化多發(fā)性硬化癥的遺傳易感性,。MHC區(qū)域長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)就與多發(fā)性硬化癥易感性相關(guān)聯(lián)。他們還把這些多發(fā)性硬化癥病人的MHC變異體和5164名沒有患有多發(fā)性硬化癥的對(duì)照者的那些變異體進(jìn)行比較,。
他們注意到我們30%的多發(fā)性硬化癥遺傳易感性中的8%與第六號(hào)染色體上的小DNA片段變異相關(guān)聯(lián),,而且這些小DNA片段變異長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)也與多發(fā)性硬化癥易感性相關(guān)聯(lián)。
MHC編碼促進(jìn)免疫系統(tǒng)中某些細(xì)胞之間的通信的蛋白,。在基因組中MHC區(qū)域之外,,大量的遺傳易感性還沒有被確定,這是因?yàn)楫?dāng)前研究不允許捕捉到我們基因組上的所有變異體,。
研究人員認(rèn)為用來(lái)尋求多發(fā)性硬化癥的其他基因病因的一個(gè)位置可能位于人群中擁有罕見變異體的基因內(nèi),。Watson注意到,“最近的兩項(xiàng)研究已解釋了罕見基因變異體在多發(fā)性硬化癥中的重要性,,但是這些變異體也通常很難利用全基因組關(guān)聯(lián)分析捕捉到的基因標(biāo)記來(lái)加以描述,。”(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi: 10.1038/srep00770
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Estimating the proportion of variation in susceptibility to multiple sclerosis captured by common SNPs
Corey T. Watson, Giulio Disanto, Felix Breden, Gavin Giovannoni & Sreeram V. Ramagopalan
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease with underlying genetic and environmental factors. Although the contribution of alleles within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are known to exert strong effects on MS risk, much remains to be learned about the contributions of loci with more modest effects identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs), as well as loci that remain undiscovered. We use a recently developed method to estimate the proportion of variance in disease liability explained by 475,806 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 1,854 MS cases and 5,164 controls. We reveal that ~30% of MS genetic liability is explained by SNPs in this dataset, the majority of which is accounted for by common variants. These results suggest that the unaccounted for proportion could be explained by variants that are in imperfect linkage disequilibrium with common GWAS SNPs, highlighting the potential importance of rare variants in the susceptibility to MS.