2012年11月14日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --11月12日,,刊登在國際雜志Nature Genetics上的一篇研究報告揭示了慢性慢性胰腺炎和酒精消耗(飲酒)之間的遺傳關(guān)聯(lián),,來自匹茲堡大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院等25處研究機構(gòu)的研究者共同研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了claudin-2基因(CLDN2)附近X染色體的遺傳突變,,這就可以幫助研究者預(yù)測,,重度飲酒者患慢性胰腺炎風(fēng)險會明顯升高,。
研究者David C. Whitcomb表示,,這項研究為我們揭開了為何一些個體更易患慢性胰腺炎的遺傳基礎(chǔ)。我們知道很多飲酒者更易患胰腺炎,,但是原因并不清楚,,這項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)揭示了X染色體的遺傳突變,或許可以幫助解釋這種結(jié)果,。
這項研究耗時10年,,參與者超過了2000人,參與者都進行了DNA的檢測,,研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)26%的非胰腺炎參與者在X染色體上會出現(xiàn)共有的DNA突變,,而這種共有的DNA突變在酒精性胰腺炎的參與者中出現(xiàn)的比率增加到了50%。婦女有一對X染色體,,因此其出現(xiàn)DNA突變的風(fēng)險相比一個X染色體更高一些,,男性的染色體為X染色體和Y染色體,如果其遺傳了一個高風(fēng)險的X染色體,,那么其就不會有保護作用。
X染色體的因素并不會引發(fā)胰腺炎,,但是如果由于膽石性胰腺炎或者腹部創(chuàng)傷所引發(fā)的胰腺損傷就會引發(fā)慢性胰腺炎,,尤其是大量飲酒,。在飲酒個體中鑒別出高風(fēng)險的染色體,也就代表了胰腺損傷的早期癥狀,,如果胰腺損傷以及急性胰腺炎發(fā)生了,,那么病人就要立刻停止飲酒。
研究者對參與者進行了研究,,發(fā)現(xiàn)16%的男性的飲酒水平可以被定義為高風(fēng)險行為,,其中,26%的飲酒過度男性患胰腺炎的風(fēng)險升高,。僅有10%的婦女飲酒水平被認為是危險水平,,這些婦女中有6%的個體在一對X染色體上存在突變。
此前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)非酒精性的慢性胰腺炎有很強的遺傳相關(guān)性,,但是這項研究幫助研究者消除了此前的觀點,,此前觀點認為慢性胰腺炎患者很有可能是過度飲酒者。相關(guān)研究由國立衛(wèi)生研究院提供資助,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
編譯自:Genetic Link Between Pancreatitis and Alcohol Consumption
doi:10.1038/ng.2466
PMC:
PMID:
Common genetic variants in the CLDN2 and PRSS1-PRSS2 loci alter risk for alcohol-related and sporadic pancreatitis
David C Whitcomb,1, 2, 3 Jessica LaRusch,1 Alyssa M Krasinskas,4 Lambertus Klei,5 Jill P Smith,6 Randall E Brand,1 John P Neoptolemos,7 Markus M Lerch,8 Matt Tector,9 Bimaljit S Sandhu,10 Nalini M Guda,9 Lidiya Orlichenko,1 Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, Samer Alkaade,12 Stephen T Amann,13 Michelle A Anderson,14 John Baillie,15 Peter A Banks,16 Darwin Conwell,16 Gregory A Coté,17 Peter B Cotton,18 James DiSario,19 Lindsay A Farrer,20, 89, 90, 95 Chris E Forsmark,21 Marianne Johnstone,7 Timothy B Gardner,22 Andres Gelrud,1 William Greenhalf,7 Jonathan L Haines,23, 24 Douglas J Hartman,4 Robert A Hawes,18 Christopher Lawrence,18 Michele Lewis,25 Julia Mayerle,8 Richard Mayeux,26, 27 Nadine M Melhem,5 Mary E Money,28 Thiruvengadam Muniraj,29 Georgios I Papachristou,1 Margaret A Pericak-Vance,30, 31 Joseph Romagnuolo,18 Gerard D Schellenberg,32 Stuart Sherman,17 Peter Simon,8 Vijay P Singh,1 Adam Slivka,1 Donna Stolz,2 Robert Sutton,7 Frank Ulrich Weiss,8 C Mel Wilcox,33 Narcis Octavian Zarnescu,1 Stephen R Wisniewski,34 Michael R O'Connell,1 Michelle L Kienholz,1 Kathryn Roeder,35 M Michael Barmada,3 Dhiraj Yadav1 & Bernie Devlin3, 5 et al.
Pancreatitis is a complex, progressively destructive inflammatory disorder. Alcohol was long thought to be the primary causative agent, but genetic contributions have been of interest since the discovery that rare PRSS1, CFTR and SPINK1 variants were associated with pancreatitis risk. We now report two associations at genome-wide significance identified and replicated at PRSS1-PRSS2 (P < 1 × 10−12) and X-linked CLDN2 (P < 1 × 10−21) through a two-stage genome-wide study (stage 1: 676 cases and 4,507 controls; stage 2: 910 cases and 4,170 controls). The PRSS1 variant likely affects disease susceptibility by altering expression of the primary trypsinogen gene. The CLDN2 risk allele is associated with atypical localization of claudin-2 in pancreatic acinar cells. The homozygous (or hemizygous in males) CLDN2 genotype confers the greatest risk, and its alleles interact with alcohol consumption to amplify risk. These results could partially explain the high frequency of alcohol-related pancreatitis in men (male hemizygote frequency is 0.26, whereas female homozygote frequency is 0.07).