生物谷報(bào)道：人類(lèi)大腦具有抑制煩惱記憶的能力,，這使我們能夠從容應(yīng)對(duì)每一天的生活,。然而一直以來(lái),，神經(jīng)學(xué)家對(duì)于其中的機(jī)制卻所知甚少,。以色列科學(xué)家近日使用催眠術(shù)對(duì)此進(jìn)行了研究,，取得了一些新的成果,。相關(guān)論文1月10日發(fā)表在《神經(jīng)元》（Neuron）上,。
通過(guò)催眠暗示作用，有些人能夠抑制特定的記憶,，這稱(chēng)為催眠后健忘癥（posthypnotic amnesia）,。利用這一現(xiàn)象，以色列魏茲曼科學(xué)研究所（Weizmann Institute of Science）的神經(jīng)學(xué)家Yadin Dudai和同事,，讓實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者觀(guān)看一部講述一個(gè)年輕女性日常生活的影片,。一周后，參與者返回實(shí)驗(yàn)室,，在催眠狀態(tài)下,，研究人員指示他們忘記影片內(nèi)容，最后再指示他們嘗試記起所有內(nèi)容,。
結(jié)果正如所料,，催眠觸發(fā)了記憶的抑制。當(dāng)參與者清醒過(guò)來(lái)后,，研究人員就影片的內(nèi)容對(duì)他們進(jìn)行了測(cè)試,，結(jié)果他們只能答對(duì)一半的問(wèn)題；當(dāng)參與者聽(tīng)到“開(kāi)始記起所有內(nèi)容”的提示語(yǔ)后,，再次進(jìn)行測(cè)試,，這次準(zhǔn)確率平均達(dá)到了80%，與沒(méi)有進(jìn)行催眠的對(duì)照組相當(dāng),。
同步進(jìn)行的功能核磁共振成像（fMRI）顯示,，當(dāng)參與者抑制記憶時(shí),，大腦有些區(qū)域，主要是枕骨和大腦顳葉(temporal lobes)區(qū),，異乎尋常地“安靜”,；與此相對(duì)照，外側(cè)前額皮質(zhì)（rostrolateral prefrontal cortex）區(qū)的活性（與記憶的恢復(fù)有關(guān)）,，在這期間卻升高,。Dudai推測(cè)說(shuō)，可能就是這一區(qū)域“否決”了參與者對(duì)電影內(nèi)容回憶的恢復(fù),。
英國(guó)圣·安德魯斯大學(xué)的認(rèn)知神經(jīng)學(xué)家Michael Anderson認(rèn)為,，“此次實(shí)驗(yàn)想法聰明，結(jié)果也很有趣,。”他對(duì)研究的結(jié)果表示贊同,，但同時(shí)表示還需更多的工作以弄清外側(cè)前額皮質(zhì)的作用,。他表示,，了解記憶抑制的機(jī)制是非常重要的，因?yàn)樗蔷S持情緒平衡的關(guān)鍵部分,。他說(shuō)：“我們每個(gè)人都會(huì)經(jīng)常面對(duì)一些不愿意去回想的事情,。”（科學(xué)網(wǎng) 梅進(jìn)/編譯）
（《神經(jīng)元》（Neuron），Vol 57, 159-170, 10 January 2008,，Avi Mendelsohn,，Yadin Dudai）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Neuron, Vol 57, 159-170, 10 January 2008
Article
Mesmerizing Memories: Brain Substrates of Episodic Memory Suppression in Posthypnotic Amnesia
Avi Mendelsohn,1,3 Yossi Chalamish,1,3 Alexander Solomonovich,2 and Yadin Dudai1,
1 Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
2 Hypnosis Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
Corresponding author
Yadin Dudai
[email protected]
Two groups of participants, one susceptible to posthypnotic amnesia (PHA) and the other not, viewed a movie. A week later, they underwent hypnosis in the fMRI scanner and received a suggestion to forget the movie details after hypnosis until receiving a reversal cue. The participants were tested twice for memory for the movie and for the context in which it was shown, under the posthypnotic suggestion and after its reversal, while their brain was scanned. The PHA group showed reduced memory for movie but not for context while under suggestion. Activity in occipital, temporal, and prefrontal areas differed among the groups, and, in the PHA group, between suggestion and reversal conditions. We propose that whereas some of these regions subserve retrieval of long-term episodic memory, others are involved in inhibiting retrieval, possibly already in a preretrieval monitoring stage. Similar mechanisms may also underlie other forms of functional amnesia.
