中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)損傷如脊髓損傷的修復(fù)是現(xiàn)代臨床醫(yī)學(xué)的重要難題。神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞移植治療中樞神經(jīng)損傷是一種很有希望的治療手段,。但是，無論是內(nèi)源神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞還是移植的外源神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞在中樞神經(jīng)損傷處神經(jīng)分化都很少,，而絕大部分分化成膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞,，甚至形成膠質(zhì)疤痕。
嗅鞘細(xì)胞是存在于嗅球中的一類特殊的膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞,。近年來,，嗅鞘細(xì)胞移植治療脊髓損傷成為一大熱點(diǎn)。雖然嗅鞘細(xì)胞在治療脊髓損傷過程中,，對(duì)于促進(jìn)受損神經(jīng)元的軸突再生具有一定效果,，但結(jié)果并不顯著。戴建武課題組最近研究發(fā)現(xiàn),，嗅鞘細(xì)胞能明顯促進(jìn)神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞的增殖,，但抑制神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞向神經(jīng)元的分化。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)嗅鞘細(xì)胞通過調(diào)節(jié)特定信號(hào)通路促進(jìn)神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞增殖同時(shí)抑制神經(jīng)元分化,。這將為全面評(píng)價(jià)嗅鞘細(xì)胞移植對(duì)神經(jīng)再生的作用,，提高脊髓損傷治療治療效果提供依據(jù)。相關(guān)論文已經(jīng)被愛思唯爾期刊《神經(jīng)科學(xué)》（NEUROSCIENCE）接受,。
生物谷推薦原始出處：
（NEUROSCIENCE）,，doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.02.067,，J. Zhang, J. Dai
Olfactory ensheathing cells promote proliferation and inhibit neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells through activation of Notch signaling
J. Zhanga, b, B. Wanga, Z. Xiaoa, Y. Zhaoa, B. Chena, J. Hana, Y. Gaoa, W. Dinga, H. Zhangc and J. Daia, ,
aKey Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Nanyitiao, Zhongguancun, Beijing 100080, China
bGraduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
cDepartment of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking union Medical College, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100005, China
Accepted 20 February 2008. Available online 8 March 2008.
Abstract
A population of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) has been known to exist in adult spinal cord and migrate toward the lesion regions during spinal cord injury (SCI). Although there are some positive effects of the transplanted olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) on axonal regeneration in SCI, little is known about the effects and the underlying mechanism of these grafted OECs on NPCs. In this study, we have investigated how soluble factors derived from rat OECs regulate the proliferation and differentiation of rat NPCs. The conditioned medium from cultured OECs showed its ability to promote proliferation and inhibit neuronal differentiation of NPCs. Notch signaling was apparently involved in this process. With the addition of DAPT, which inhibited Notch signaling, the effects of OEC-conditioned medium on NPCs were blocked. We thus conclude that diffusible factors released from OECs activate the Notch signaling pathway to stimulate the proliferation and suppress neuronal differentiation of NPCs. These findings reveal the likely limitation of using OECs transplantation for SCI repair.
