瑞典科學(xué)家的一項最新研究證實,，那些在智力測驗中得分較高的人,，對時間節(jié)奏的把握準(zhǔn)確程度也更高。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),，大腦對時間掌控的精確程度與解決問題和推理相關(guān)的神經(jīng)過程,，具有類似的生物學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。相關(guān)論文發(fā)表在《神經(jīng)科學(xué)雜志》（Journal of Neuroscience）上,。
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)該項研究的是瑞典Umea大學(xué)的Guy Madison和卡羅林斯卡醫(yī)學(xué)院（Karolinska Institutet）的Fredrik Ullén,。他們讓受試者自己敲出簡單的節(jié)奏，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),，那些智力測驗得分較高的人在對規(guī)律性節(jié)奏的把握上波動最小。研究人員特別強(qiáng)調(diào),，受試者要完成的任務(wù)與音樂上的節(jié)奏感沒有任何關(guān)聯(lián),，實驗只是單純測定他們維持節(jié)奏準(zhǔn)確度的能力,。
Ullén表示，“受試者完成的任務(wù)中不牽扯任何形式的問題解決（problem solving）,，這很有趣,。造成時間把握無規(guī)律性的可能是更為基礎(chǔ)的生物學(xué)層面上的某種大腦活動噪聲。神經(jīng)活動在毫秒尺度上的準(zhǔn)確性對信息的處理和學(xué)習(xí)過程十分重要,。”
進(jìn)一步的研究證實,，高智商、節(jié)奏性強(qiáng)與大腦額葉某些區(qū)域的白質(zhì)體積具有相關(guān)性,，此前科學(xué)家已經(jīng)知道,，額葉區(qū)域與解決問題、制定計劃和操控時間密切相關(guān),。
Ullén總結(jié)道,，“最新研究表明，我們稱為‘智商’的大腦因素,，其生物學(xué)基礎(chǔ)隱藏在前額葉的神經(jīng)纖維數(shù)量和相關(guān)的神經(jīng)活動穩(wěn)定性當(dāng)中,。”（科學(xué)網(wǎng) 任霄鵬/編譯）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
（Journal of Neuroscience），April 16, 2008, 28(16):4238-4243,，F(xiàn)redrik Ullén, Guy Madison
Intelligence and Variability in a Simple Timing Task Share Neural Substrates in the Prefrontal White Matter
Fredrik Ullén,1 Lea Forsman,1 Örjan Blom,1 Anke Karabanov,1 and Guy Madison2
1Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, and 2Department of Psychology, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
Correspondence should be addressed to Fredrik Ullén, Neuropediatric Research Unit Q2:07, Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. Email: [email protected]
General intelligence is correlated with the mean and variability of reaction time in elementary cognitive tasks, as well as with performance on temporal judgment and discrimination tasks. This suggests a link between the temporal accuracy of neural activity and intelligence. However, it has remained unclear whether this link reflects top-down mechanisms such as attentional control and cognitive strategies or basic neural properties that influence both abilities. Here, we investigated whether millisecond variability in a simple, automatic timing task, isochronous tapping, correlates with intellectual performance and, using voxel-based morphometry, whether these two tasks share neuroanatomical substrates. Stability of tapping and intelligence were correlated and related to regional volume in overlapping right prefrontal white matter regions. These results suggest a bottom-up explanation of the link between temporal stability and intellectual performance, in which more extensive prefrontal connectivity underlies individual differences in both variables.
