研究人員最新發(fā)現(xiàn),，通過(guò)監(jiān)測(cè)大腦活動(dòng)能夠預(yù)測(cè)人們的錯(cuò)誤行為,。研究人員稱(chēng)，將借助這一發(fā)現(xiàn)開(kāi)發(fā)出“早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)”,，以幫助人們防止犯錯(cuò),。
挪威貝爾根大學(xué)的研究人員湯姆·艾歇爾等人在新一期美國(guó)《國(guó)家科學(xué)院院刊》（PNAS）上介紹說(shuō)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn),，通常在人們犯下某種錯(cuò)誤之前約30秒,，大腦一個(gè)特定部位的血流量會(huì)增加。因此,，通過(guò)監(jiān)測(cè)該部位的活動(dòng)情況,，可能會(huì)預(yù)防人們犯錯(cuò)。
研究人員舉例說(shuō),，當(dāng)人們從事枯燥乏味的工作時(shí),，大腦往往會(huì)逐漸進(jìn)入“休息”狀態(tài)，也就進(jìn)入了容易犯錯(cuò)的狀態(tài),。與此同時(shí),，大腦特定部位的血流量卻有所增加，表明該區(qū)域的活動(dòng)增強(qiáng),。
“借助于這一發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們可以設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)頭戴式的早期預(yù)警系統(tǒng)”,，艾歇爾說(shuō),，“這樣一旦監(jiān)測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦中的上述特定區(qū)域出現(xiàn)活動(dòng)增強(qiáng)，就可以發(fā)出警告,，提醒人們不要出錯(cuò),。”（來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
（PNAS），doi：10.1073/pnas.0708965105，Tom Eichele,，Markus Ullsperger
Prediction of human errors by maladaptive changes in event-related brain networks
Tom Eichele*,, Stefan Debener, Vince D. Calhoun,¶,||, Karsten Specht*,**, Andreas K. Engel, Kenneth Hugdahl*,**, D. Yves von Cramon, and Markus Ullsperger,
*Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway; Medical Research Council Institute of Hearing Research, Southampton SO14 OYG, United Kingdom; MIND Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87131; ¶Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131; ||Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; **Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg–Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; and Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research, 50931 Cologne, Germany
Edited by Marcus E. Raichle, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, and approved March 4, 2008 (received for review September 21, 2007)
Abstract
Humans engaged in monotonous tasks are susceptible to occasional errors that may lead to serious consequences, but little is known about brain activity patterns preceding errors. Using functional MRI and applying independent component analysis followed by deconvolution of hemodynamic responses, we studied error preceding brain activity on a trial-by-trial basis. We found a set of brain regions in which the temporal evolution of activation predicted performance errors. These maladaptive brain activity changes started to evolve 30 sec before the error. In particular, a coincident decrease of deactivation in default mode regions of the brain, together with a decline of activation in regions associated with maintaining task effort, raised the probability of future errors. Our findings provide insights into the brain network dynamics preceding human performance errors and suggest that monitoring of the identified precursor states may help in avoiding human errors in critical real-world situations.
