反復(fù)打破節(jié)食的個體所觸發(fā)的大腦系統(tǒng)可能與造成毒品與酒精成癮的大腦系統(tǒng)相同,。促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素釋放因子（CRF）大腦應(yīng)激系統(tǒng)涉及了動機以及物質(zhì)依賴循環(huán)，諸如戒毒或戒酒然后復(fù)發(fā)的循環(huán),，這促使Pietro Cottone及其同事檢查了一個節(jié)食-暴飲暴食的循環(huán)是否會激活大鼠的CRF腦系統(tǒng)。
這組科學(xué)家證明了,，在這種動物在食用了標準的大鼠食譜5天之后,，又緊接著食用了2天高糖、巧克力風(fēng)味的食物之后,，這些大鼠拒絕使用標準食譜,，相反，它們過度食用這種甜食,。這組作者觀察到了大鼠從食用非?？煽诘娘嬍车焦?jié)食的過程中大鼠的杏仁核的CRF基因表達增加,，就像大鼠經(jīng)歷戒毒和解酒那樣。CRF活性的增加引發(fā)了一種負面的精神狀態(tài),，后者表現(xiàn)為焦慮的跡象以及食用常規(guī)食物的動機減少,。
這組科學(xué)家證明了他們可以通過阻斷CRF系統(tǒng)從而阻止這些負面情緒。這組作者說,，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)提示,，人類的強迫進食可能是被避免負面情緒和焦慮的渴望所驅(qū)動的，而在兩種飲食極端之間的循環(huán)可能影響人們的動機,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
相關(guān)研究：
IJO：夜間進食可能會使體重增加
Science：進食也可調(diào)節(jié)生物鐘
Cell Metabolism：多吃并不一定會長胖
PNAS：找到控制食欲的新途徑
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PNAS November 9, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0908789106
CRF system recruitment mediates dark side of compulsive eating
Pietro Cottonea,b,c,d,1,2, Valentina Sabinoa,b,c,d,1, Marisa Robertoa,c,d, Michal Bajoe, Lara Pockrosa, Jennifer B. Frihaufa,c,d,f, Eva M. Feketea,c,d, Luca Steardog, Kenner C. Riceh, Dimitri E. Grigoriadisi, Bruno Contid,e, George F. Kooba,c and Eric P. Zorrillaa,c,d,2
aCommittee on the Neurobiology of Addictive Disorders,
cPearson Center for Alcoholism and Addiction Research,
dHarold L. Dorris Neurological Research Institute, and
eDepartment of Molecular and Integrative Neurosciences, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037;
bLaboratory of Addictive Disorders, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118;
fNeuroscience Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
gDepartment of Human Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy;
hChemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20892; and
iNeurocrine Biosciences Inc., San Diego, CA 92130
Dieting to control body weight involves cycles of deprivation from palatable food that can promote compulsive eating. The present study shows that rats withdrawn from intermittent access to palatable food exhibit overeating of palatable food upon renewed access and an affective withdrawal-like state characterized by corticotropin-releasing factor-1 (CRF1) receptor antagonist-reversible behaviors, including hypophagia, motivational deficits to obtain less palatable food, and anxiogenic-like behavior. Withdrawal was accompanied by increased CRF expression and CRF1 electrophysiological responsiveness in the central nucleus of the amygdala. We propose that recruitment of anti-reward extrahypothalamic CRF-CRF1 systems during withdrawal from palatable food, analogous to abstinence from abused drugs, may promote compulsive selection of palatable food, undereating of healthier alternatives, and a negative emotional state when intake of palatable food is prevented.
