耶魯大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),，我們的大腦之所以能夠準(zhǔn)確高效地處理大量的感覺信息,，與大腦中的“神經(jīng)恒溫調(diào)節(jié)器“調(diào)節(jié)視覺皮層有很大的關(guān)系,。
據(jù)一篇發(fā)表于1月13日Neuron雜志的研究報告稱,，抑制性神經(jīng)元可以通過抑制不太重要的視覺刺激,，只處理重要信息的方式來節(jié)約大腦的能耗,。
在所有人類器官中，大腦的耗能最多,。因此科學(xué)家一直想弄清楚大腦如何既高效又準(zhǔn)確的處理大量感覺信息的過程。一般研究報告多集中在研究簡單刺激對大腦興奮性神經(jīng)元的作用,。但該課題組對真實生活環(huán)境下大腦處理更復(fù)雜的感覺信息的過程進行研究,。
在這項研究中，研究人員讓動物觀看自然風(fēng)景的短片,，然后對動物的大腦進行研究,。課題組發(fā)現(xiàn)，視覺皮層的抑制性神經(jīng)元能夠控制興奮性細(xì)胞之間的相互作用,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Neuron, Volume 65, Issue 1, 107-121, 14 January 2010
Synaptic and Network Mechanisms of Sparse and Reliable Visual Cortical Activity during Nonclassical Receptive Field Stimulation
Bilal Haider, Matthew R. Krause, Alvaro Duque, Yuguo Yu, Jonathan Touryan, James A. Mazer, David A. McCormick
During natural vision, the entire visual field is stimulated by images rich in spatiotemporal structure. Although many visual system studies restrict stimuli to the classical receptive field (CRF), it is known that costimulation of the CRF and the surrounding nonclassical receptive field (nCRF) increases neuronal response sparseness. The cellular and network mechanisms underlying increased response sparseness remain largely unexplored. Here we show that combined CRF + nCRF stimulation increases the sparseness, reliability, and precision of spiking and membrane potential responses in classical regular spiking (RSC) pyramidal neurons of cat primary visual cortex. Conversely, fast-spiking interneurons exhibit increased activity and decreased selectivity during CRF + nCRF stimulation. The increased sparseness and reliability of RSC neuron spiking is associated with increased inhibitory barrages and narrower visually evoked synaptic potentials. Our experimental observations were replicated with a simple computational model, suggesting that network interactions among neuronal subtypes ultimately sharpen recurrent excitation, producing specific and reliable visual responses.
