人類在社會(huì)交往中加工兩種信息,，即關(guān)于他人和關(guān)于自我的信息。以往神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),，人類大腦顳葉,、頂葉和額葉加工他人信息（如意圖等）的神經(jīng)活動(dòng)不受感覺通道的影響，對于視覺和聽覺通道輸入的關(guān)于他人的信息由相似的神經(jīng)加工機(jī)制完成,。韓世輝教授和其博士研究生馬燚娜使用功能磁共振技術(shù)，結(jié)合心理學(xué)自我人格特征判斷的實(shí)驗(yàn)范式,，發(fā)現(xiàn)人類大腦內(nèi)側(cè)前額葉加工自我人格特征的神經(jīng)活動(dòng)受感覺通道的影響,，這一腦區(qū)在被試根據(jù)視覺刺激做自我人格判斷時(shí)，其活動(dòng)顯著增強(qiáng),，而根據(jù)聽覺刺激做自我人格判斷時(shí)沒有顯著變化,，提示大腦內(nèi)側(cè)前額葉參與自我加工的神經(jīng)活動(dòng)具有感覺通道特異性。他們進(jìn)一步的實(shí)驗(yàn)還發(fā)現(xiàn),，先天性盲人在根據(jù)聽覺刺激做自我人格判斷時(shí),，大腦內(nèi)側(cè)前額葉顯著增強(qiáng)，這表明大腦內(nèi)側(cè)前額葉參與自我加工的神經(jīng)活動(dòng)具有可塑性,，在缺乏視覺信息的條件下由聽覺信息主導(dǎo),。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)一方面對理解自我概念的腦機(jī)制提供了重要的神經(jīng)科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)，另一方面也證明了大腦前額葉與社會(huì)認(rèn)知加工有關(guān)的神經(jīng)活動(dòng)具有依賴感覺信息輸入的可塑性,。這些研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在2011年第1期神經(jīng)科學(xué)雜志BRAIN上,。該研究受國家科技部973項(xiàng)目和國家基金委重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目資助。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Brain. 2011 Jan;134(Pt 1):235-46. Epub 2010 Nov 4.
Neural representation of self-concept in sighted and congenitally blind adults.
Ma Y, Han S.
Department of Psychology, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China. [email protected].
Abstract
The functional organization of human primary visual and auditory cortices is influenced by sensory experience and exhibits cross-modal plasticity in the absence of input from one modality. However, it remains debated whether the functional architecture of the prefrontal cortex, when engaged in social cognitive processes, is shaped by sensory experience. The present study investigated whether activity in the medial prefrontal cortex underlying self-reflective thinking of one's own traits is modality-specific and whether it undergoes cross-modal plasticity in the absence of visual input. We scanned 47 sighted participants and 21 congenitally blind individuals using functional magnetic resonance imaging during trait judgements of the self and a familiar other. Sighted participants showed medial prefrontal activation and enhanced functional connectivity between the medial prefrontal and visual cortices during self-judgements compared to other-judgements on visually but not aurally presented trait words, indicating that medial prefrontal activity underlying self-representation is visual modality-specific in sighted people. In contrast, blind individuals showed medial prefrontal activation and enhanced functional connectivity between the medial prefrontal and occipital cortices during self-judgements relative to other-judgements on aurally presented stimuli, suggesting that visual deprivation leads to functional reorganization of the medial prefrontal cortex so as to be tuned by auditory inputs during self-referential processing. The medial prefrontal activity predicted memory performances on trait words used for self-judgements in both subject groups, implicating a similar functional role of the medial prefrontal cortex in self-referential processing in sighted and blind individuals. Together, our findings indicate that self-representation in the medial prefrontal cortex is strongly shaped by sensory experience.
推薦會(huì)議：
第一屆國際醫(yī)學(xué)影像和放射學(xué)新進(jìn)展暨學(xué)術(shù)論著發(fā)表策略研討會(huì)
2011 Medical Imaging and Radiological Innovations Conference
會(huì)議時(shí)間：2011年3月25日--3月27日
會(huì)議地點(diǎn)：上海醫(yī)學(xué)院路復(fù)旦醫(yī)學(xué)院明道樓
