綜合國外媒體8月31日報(bào)道,,美國普林斯頓大學(xué)的一組研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),人類大腦在思考抽象概念和思考與該概念相關(guān)的具體事物時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的活動圖相似。該研究成果有助于了解人類在閱讀或者思考時(shí)大腦處理復(fù)雜概念的方式,,也可以通過大腦活動圖像推測出一個人當(dāng)時(shí)正在思考的內(nèi)容,。
該項(xiàng)目的研究人員近日在《人類神經(jīng)科學(xué)前沿》(Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)期刊上公布了上述結(jié)論,。他們通過功能性磁振造影(fMRI)的方法,,來確定受試者在想到胡蘿卜,、馬和房子等具體物體時(shí)大腦的活動情況,隨后又試驗(yàn)了一系列與這些物體相關(guān)的主題,,發(fā)現(xiàn)同一個主題內(nèi)的詞語引發(fā)的大腦活動圖像相似,。例如,,當(dāng)一個人在思考“家具”這一抽象概念時(shí),,他的大腦活動圖與思考“飯桌”,、“辦公桌”和“椅子”等實(shí)物時(shí)產(chǎn)生的圖像相似。
與上述過程相反的實(shí)驗(yàn)則表明,,如果受試者的大腦活動情況與他在思考某個抽象概念時(shí)的類似,,那么他一定在思考與這一抽象概念相關(guān)的具體事務(wù)。
普林斯頓大學(xué)心理系副教授,、高級研究員馬修?博特溫尼克指出:“無論人類思考的主題是什么,,包括各種抽象概念、情感,、計(jì)劃以及與社會有關(guān)的想法等,,最終都會在大腦中以特定的活動形式反映出來。”博特溫尼克同時(shí)也是普林斯頓大學(xué)神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究所研究員,。
據(jù)介紹,,該項(xiàng)目的最終目標(biāo)是弄清大腦的全部活動情況,并用“恰當(dāng)?shù)奈淖謱⑵溆涗浵聛?rdquo;,。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2011.00072
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Generating text from functional brain images
Francisco Pereira, Greg Detre,,and Matthew Botvinick
Recent work has shown that it is possible to take brain images acquired during viewing of a scene and reconstruct an approximation of the scene from those images. Here we show that it is also possible to generate text about the mental content reflected in brain images. We began with images collected as participants read names of concrete items (e.g., “Apartment’’) while also seeing line drawings of the item named. We built a model of the mental semantic representation of concrete concepts from text data and learned to map aspects of such representation to patterns of activation in the corresponding brain image. In order to validate this mapping, without accessing information about the items viewed for left-out individual brain images, we were able to generate from each one a collection of semantically pertinent words (e.g., “door,” “window” for “Apartment’’). Furthermore, we show that the ability to generate such words allows us to perform a classification task and thus validate our method quantitatively.