來自臺(tái)灣的研究人員已證實(shí)了精神分裂癥與癲癇癥之間的一種雙向關(guān)聯(lián),。于近日發(fā)表在國際抗癲癇聯(lián)合會(huì)（International League Against Epilepsy, ILAE）期刊Epilepsia上的一篇研究報(bào)告稱,，癲癇病患者患上精神分裂癥的可能性要高8倍，而精神分裂癥患者患上癲癇癥的可能性則要高6倍,。
先前的臨床研究表明精神病在癲癇病患者中很普遍,，精神病研究發(fā)現(xiàn)精神分裂癥與癲癇癥之間存在著密切關(guān)聯(lián)，這表明兩種疾病之間存在著由遺傳,、環(huán)境或者神經(jīng)生物學(xué)等原因造成的共同易感性,。雖然此前多項(xiàng)研究已經(jīng)證明在抑郁,、情緒障礙和癲癇癥之間具有雙向關(guān)聯(lián)性，當(dāng)前的研究則率先調(diào)查了精神分裂癥與癲癇癥之間的這種關(guān)聯(lián)性,。
利用臺(tái)灣“全民健康保險(xiǎn)研究資料庫（National Health Insurance Research Database）”的數(shù)據(jù)，該研究團(tuán)隊(duì)找出了1999年至2008年間被確診的5195名精神分裂癥患者和11527名癲癇癥患者,，并將患者群組與年齡-性別匹配對照組進(jìn)行對比,。分析內(nèi)容包括精神分裂癥患者群組中癲癇癥的發(fā)病率與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及癲癇癥患者群組中精神分裂癥的發(fā)病率與風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)表明,，精神分裂癥患者群組中癲癇癥的發(fā)病率為每1000名患者中有6.99人年,，而非精神分裂癥對照組則為1.19人年,。癲癇癥患者群組中精神分裂癥的發(fā)病率為每1000名患者中有3.53人年，而非癲癇癥對照組則為0.46人年,。研究人員還報(bào)告,，男性癲癇病患者的精神分裂癥發(fā)病率要比女性癲癇癥患者稍微高一些。
“我們的研究結(jié)果顯示了精神分裂癥與癲癇癥之間存在著很強(qiáng)的雙向關(guān)聯(lián)性”,，臺(tái)灣臺(tái)中市中國醫(yī)藥大學(xué)附設(shè)醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)博士兼中國醫(yī)藥大學(xué)副教授,、本研究第一作者周宜卿（I-Ching Chou）說道。“這種關(guān)聯(lián)性可能是因?yàn)檫@些疾病中存在諸如遺傳易感性和環(huán)境因素等共同的發(fā)病機(jī)理,，但是還需要對病理學(xué)機(jī)制進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的調(diào)查研究,。”(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03268.x
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Bidirectional relation between schizophrenia and epilepsy: A population-based retrospective cohort study
Yu-Tzu Chang, Pei-Chun Chen, I-Ju Tsai, Fung-Chang Sung, Zheng-Nan Chin, Huang-Tsung Kuo, Chang-Hai Tsai, I-Ching Chou
Summary
Purpose: Schizophrenia and epilepsy may share a mutual susceptibility. This study examined the bidirectional relation between the two disorders.
Methods: We used claims data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance database to conduct retrospective cohort analyses. Analysis 1 compared 5,195 patients with incident schizophrenia diagnosed in 1999–2008 with 20,776 controls without the disease randomly selected during the same period, frequency matched with sex and age. Analysis 2 comprised a similar method to compare 11,527 patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy with 46,032 randomly selected sex- and age-matched controls. At the end of 2008, analysis 1 measured the incidence and risk of developing epilepsy and analysis 2 measured the incidence and risk of developing schizophrenia.
Key Findings: In analysis 1, the incidence of epilepsy was higher in the schizophrenia cohort than in the nonschizophrenia cohort (6.99 vs. 1.19 per 1,000 person-years) with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 5.88 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.71–7.36] for schizophrenia patients. In analysis 2, the incidence of schizophrenia was higher in the epilepsy cohort than in the nonepilepsy comparison cohort (3.53 vs. 0.46 per 1,000 person-years) with an aHR of 7.65 (95% CI 6.04–9.69) for epilepsy patients. The effect of schizophrenia on subsequent epilepsy was greater for women, but the association between epilepsy and elevated incidence of schizophrenia was more pronounced in men.
Significance: We found a strong bidirectional relation between schizophrenia and epilepsy. These two conditions may share common causes. Further studies on the mechanism are required.
