發(fā)表在11月的Psychoneuroendocrinology上的加州大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究"Comfort food is comforting to those most stressed: Evidence of the chronic stress response network in high stress women"表明,，吃肥膩或甜的食物來應(yīng)對(duì)壓力從長遠(yuǎn)來看有可能減弱身體的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)。
在這項(xiàng)對(duì)59名絕經(jīng)前期的婦女的研究中,，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),，那些遭受長期壓力的婦女不僅表現(xiàn)出更嚴(yán)重的情緒化進(jìn)食、很大程度上擁有更多的腹部脂肪,，而且日?？傻乃伤礁汀,？傻乃墒且环N驅(qū)動(dòng)應(yīng)激反應(yīng)的激素,。“攝入安慰食物更像是一把雙刃劍——不僅導(dǎo)致減弱應(yīng)激反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)，還提高了腹部脂肪的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平,，”這篇研究論文的合著者,，心理學(xué)家Elissa Epel說。
該發(fā)現(xiàn)支持了該研究小組此前在嚙齒動(dòng)物身上進(jìn)行的研究,，在那項(xiàng)研究中他們發(fā)現(xiàn)長期壓力通過使實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物長期分泌糖皮質(zhì)激素（如可的松,，可導(dǎo)致對(duì)脂肪及糖的渴求）而導(dǎo)致腹型肥胖。不過,，當(dāng)腹型肥胖形成后,，應(yīng)對(duì)壓力的可的松的分泌下降。“大鼠表現(xiàn)出自療,，壓力性進(jìn)食反過來減弱了它們的HPA軸活性,。”Epel說。HPA軸是從丘腦下部至垂體到腎上腺的調(diào)節(jié)應(yīng)激反應(yīng)的路徑,。（生物谷bioon.com）
doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.04.005
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Comfort food is comforting to those most stressed: Evidence of the chronic stress response network in high stress women
A. Janet Tomiyam, Mary F. Dallman, Elissa S. Epel
Chronically stressed rodents who are allowed to eat calorie-dense “comfort” food develop greater mesenteric fat, which in turn dampens hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis activity. We tested whether similar relations exist in humans, at least cross-sectionally. Fifty-nine healthy premenopausal women were exposed to a standard laboratory stressor to examine HPA response to acute stress and underwent diurnal saliva sampling for basal cortisol and response to dexamethasone administration. Based on perceived stress scores, women were divided into extreme quartiles of low versus high stress categories. We found as hypothesized that the high stress group had significantly greater BMI and sagittal diameter, and reported greater emotional eating. In response to acute lab stressor, the high stress group showed a blunted cortisol response, lower diurnal cortisol levels, and greater suppression in response to dexamethasone. These cross-sectional findings support the animal model, which suggests that long-term adaptation to chronic stress in the face of dense calories result in greater visceral fat accumulation (via ingestion of calorie-dense food), which in turn modulates HPA axis response, resulting in lower cortisol levels.
