根據(jù)The Archives of Neurology網(wǎng)上公布的一項研究，一種由稱為脂聯(lián)素的內(nèi)臟脂肪衍生而來的激素在女性各種原因癡呆和阿爾茨海默?。ˋD）的發(fā)生中可能起一個危險因素的作用。
據(jù)估計,，在今后20年，全球受癡呆癥影響的人數(shù)會比當前的約3600萬人翻番，這是文章中作者提供的背景信息。AD是最常見的癡呆癥形式,。作者寫的數(shù)據(jù)表明了胰島素抵抗與炎癥間的聯(lián)系及癡呆癥發(fā)展，其中胰島素抵抗與炎癥間的聯(lián)系以II型糖尿病為標志,。"脂聯(lián)素是可能有助于AD發(fā)病和各種原因癡呆癥的另外一個潛在因素,。脂聯(lián)素是一種來源于內(nèi)臟脂肪的激素,，這種內(nèi)臟脂肪使機體對胰島素敏感,，脂聯(lián)素具有抗炎特性，并在糖與脂代謝中發(fā)揮作用,。"
來自波士頓塔夫斯大學TUFTS大學人類老年營養(yǎng)研究中心脂質(zhì)代謝實驗室的Thomas M. van Himbergen博士和同事們測定了患者血漿中血糖,、胰島素，糖化白蛋白,、C反應蛋白,、脂蛋白相關磷脂酶A 2以及脂聯(lián)素水平，他們是弗雷明漢心臟研究第19次兩年一次檢查（1985-1988）的患者,。
其中840例（541名婦女,，平均年齡76年）患者平均13年隨訪一次,，評價AD和癡呆癥發(fā)展的各種指征。在這期間,，159例發(fā)生癡呆,，其中包括125例AD。在調(diào)整其他癡呆癥的危險因素后（年齡,，載脂蛋白E基因型,，低血漿二十二碳六烯酸，體重變化）,，只有女性脂聯(lián)素是與各種原因的癡呆和AD風險性增加相關,。
"已經(jīng)很確定的是，在AD患者大腦中胰島素信號功能失調(diào),，因為脂聯(lián)素增強胰島素敏感性,，人們還期待防止認知能力下降的有益作用"，作者寫道,。"但是,，我們的數(shù)據(jù)暗示，升高的脂聯(lián)素水平與女性癡呆癥和AD增加的風險性相關,。"
作者總結(jié)如下："脂聯(lián)素的一個主要特點是,，它已被證明在胰島素敏感性中發(fā)揮作用，因此可能成為II型糖尿病(T2D)治療的一個靶點,。令人驚訝的是,，高脂聯(lián)素水平被發(fā)現(xiàn)是各種原因和血管死亡率的一個預測因素。在死亡率調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)的同時,，目前的研究表明,，升高的脂聯(lián)素水平也是女性各種原因癡呆和AD的一個獨立預測因素。"（生物谷bioon.com）
doi:10.1001/archneurol.2011.670
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Biomarkers for Insulin Resistance and Inflammation and the Risk for All-Cause Dementia and Alzheimer Disease
Thomas M. van Himbergen, PhD; Alexa S. Beiser, PhD; Masumi Ai, MD; Sudha Seshadri, MD; Seiko Otokozawa, MT; Rhoda Au, PhD; Nuntakorn Thongtang, MD;Philip A. Wolf, MD; Ernst J. Schaefer, MD
ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the contribution of biomarkers of glucose homeostasis (adiponectin, glucose, glycated albumin, and insulin levels) and inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 levels) to the risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD) and all-cause dementia. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Dementia-free Framingham Heart Study participants had sera measured for these biomarkers at the 19th biennial examination (1985-1988) and were followed up prospectively for the development of AD and all-cause dementia. Participants Eight hundred forty (541 women, median age of 76 years) subjects participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures We used sex-pooled and sex-specific multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, education, body mass index, recent change in weight, APOE 4 allele status, and plasma docosahexaenoic acid levels to determine association of these biomarkers with the development of all-cause dementia and AD. Results Over a mean follow-up period of 13 years, 159 persons developed dementia (including 125 with AD). After adjustment for other risk factors, only adiponectin in women was associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR], 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00-1.66; P = .054) and AD (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.00-1.76; P = .050) per 1-SD increase in adiponectin level. Women with baseline adiponectin values more than the median had a higher risk of all-cause dementia (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.03-2.56; P = .04) and AD (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.13-3.10; P = .01) as compared with those with values less than the median. Conclusion In women, increased plasma adiponectin levels are an independent risk factor for the development of both all-cause dementia and AD
