近日,，國際營養(yǎng)學(xué)雜志The Journal of Nutrition在線發(fā)表了中科院上海生科院營養(yǎng)科學(xué)研究所柯尊記研究組和林旭研究組合作的最新研究成果。該研究揭示了在中國中老年人群中維生素B1缺乏與抑郁癥密切相關(guān),。
維生素B1即硫胺素,，在人體內(nèi)以游離硫胺素、硫胺素單磷酸酯（TMP）,、硫胺素焦磷酸酯（TDP）和硫胺素三磷酸酯（TTP）的四種形式存在,，其中,，TDP是最主要的生物活性形式。TDP是糖代謝途徑中關(guān)鍵酶的輔酶,，在維持神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)功能完整性中起著重要的作用,。研究表明，維生素B1缺乏能夠?qū)е戮€粒體功能紊亂和慢性氧化應(yīng)激,，這兩者均被認(rèn)為是抑郁癥發(fā)病的潛在機(jī)理,。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究證實(shí)補(bǔ)充維生素B1能改善產(chǎn)后抑郁癥。維生素B1的主要膳食來源是全谷類食物,。隨著我國正進(jìn)入快速的營養(yǎng)轉(zhuǎn)型期,，谷物的過度加工以及脂肪和動物性食物供能比例的顯著提高使得我國居民維生素B1攝入水平呈現(xiàn)逐年下降的趨勢。之前的《中國居民營養(yǎng)與健康狀況調(diào)查報(bào)告》顯示,，我國居民維生素B1攝入低于推薦攝入量（RNI）的比例高達(dá)80%,。
林旭研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的張賡博士和柯尊記研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的丁涵青等人通過建立紅細(xì)胞維生素B1數(shù)據(jù)庫，應(yīng)用高效液相色譜的方法檢測了1587名參加“中國老齡人口營養(yǎng)健康狀況研究”的京滬城鄉(xiāng)居民體內(nèi)游離硫胺素,、TMP和TDP的濃度,，并將這些結(jié)果與抑郁癥進(jìn)行了相關(guān)性研究。結(jié)果顯示,，在該研究人群中,，維生素B1缺乏和抑郁癥比例分別為28.2%和11.3%。隨著維生素B1濃度降低,，罹患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)顯著上升,，提示維生素B1缺乏與抑郁癥發(fā)病存在相關(guān)性。該研究成果為今后進(jìn)一步研究B族維生素在心理及精神疾病進(jìn)程中的作用機(jī)制提供了重要理論依據(jù)和新的思路,。
該項(xiàng)目獲得了中科院上海生科院首席科學(xué)家項(xiàng)目,，中科院知識創(chuàng)新工程重大項(xiàng)目，國家自然科學(xué)基金,、科技部973項(xiàng)目等資助,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi: 10.3945/jn.112.167007
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Thiamine Nutritional Status and Depressive Symptoms Are Inversely Associated among Older Chinese Adults
Geng Zhang, Hanqing Ding, Honglei Chen, Xingwang Ye, Huaixing Li, Xu Lin, and Zunji Ke
Thiamine has been hypothesized to play an important role in mental health; however, few studies have investigated the association between thiamine nutritional status and depression in the general population. Concentrations of free thiamine and its phosphate esters [thiamine monophosphate (TMP) and thiamine diphosphate (TDP)] in erythrocytes were measured by HPLC among 1587 Chinese men and women aged 50–70 y. The presence of depressive symptoms was defined as a Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale score of ≥16. The median erythrocyte concentration (nmol/L) was 3.73 for free thiamine, 3.74 for TMP, and 169 for TDP. The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 11.3%. Lower concentrations of all 3 erythrocyte thiamine biomarkers were monotonically associated with a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms: the multivariable adjusted ORs comparing the lowest with the highest quartiles were 2.97 (95% CI = 1.87, 4.72; P-trend < 0.001) for free thiamine, 3.46 (95% CI = 1.99, 6.02; P-trend < 0.001) for TMP, and 1.98 (95% CI = 1.22, 3.21; P-trend = 0.002) for TDP. In conclusion, poorer thiamine nutritional status and higher odds of depressive symptoms were associated among older Chinese adults. This finding should be further investigated in prospective or interventional studies.
