2012年12月6日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --阻斷淀粉樣(Aβ)蛋白質(zhì)沉積的抗體一度被認(rèn)為在阿爾茲海默癥治療過程中起到了關(guān)鍵作用,,但是其并不能有效移除先前存在于患者機(jī)體中的沉積蛋白質(zhì),,近日,,來自禮來制藥公司的研究表示,另外研究者表示,,一種修飾過的抗體可以用于清除阿爾茲海默癥小鼠模型機(jī)體中已經(jīng)存在的Aβ蛋白質(zhì),。相關(guān)研究成果刊登于國際雜志Neuron上,。
阿爾茲海默癥的一個(gè)標(biāo)志就是神經(jīng)細(xì)胞中淀粉樣蛋白質(zhì)斑塊的積累,針對(duì)阿爾茲海默癥的一種潛在的免疫療法就是使用抗體來靶向治療用以清除難溶性的Aβ蛋白質(zhì),。截至到現(xiàn)在,,很多研究者已經(jīng)使用了抗體來結(jié)合可溶或者難溶的Aβ蛋白質(zhì),這些抗體對(duì)于降低小鼠模型中Aβ蛋白質(zhì)的沉積至關(guān)重要,,但是這僅限于給予小鼠模型一種預(yù)防措施來進(jìn)行疾病的預(yù)防,,當(dāng)針對(duì)已經(jīng)存在淀粉樣蛋白質(zhì)沉積板塊的小鼠而言,,這種療法似乎并沒有多大療效,。
研究者DeMattos假設(shè)這些抗體并不能夠移去蛋白質(zhì)斑塊,因?yàn)楫?dāng)其進(jìn)入大腦后,,其和Aβ蛋白質(zhì)的結(jié)合處于飽和的狀態(tài)了,。為了檢測(cè)這種假設(shè),研究者開發(fā)了另外一種遺傳性工程化的抗體來選擇性地靶向蛋白質(zhì)斑塊,。
研究者發(fā)現(xiàn),,跨越血腦屏障的斑塊特異性抗體可以與沉積的beta淀粉樣蛋白質(zhì)進(jìn)行結(jié)合,并且促進(jìn)先前存在的斑塊被快速清除,,研究結(jié)果顯示,,僅僅可以結(jié)合在不溶性淀粉樣蛋白質(zhì)beta上的抗體對(duì)于斑塊的移除非常關(guān)鍵,而且并沒有任何副作用,。
新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)可以幫助研究者開發(fā)新型的針對(duì)阿爾茲海默癥的療法,,這也解釋了為何對(duì)阿爾茲海默癥藥物bapineuzumab在兩個(gè)臨床試驗(yàn)階段中為何沒有安慰劑等等效果好。Bapineuzumab可以與可溶性或者不可溶的beta淀粉樣蛋白質(zhì)進(jìn)行結(jié)合,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.10.029
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A Plaque-Specific Antibody Clears Existing β-amyloid Plaques in Alzheimer's Disease Mice
Ronald B. DeMattos, Jirong Lu, Ying Tang, Margaret M. Racke, Cindy A. DeLong, John A. Tzaferis, Justin T. Hole, Beth M. Forster, Peter C. McDonnell, Feng Liu, Robert D. Kinley, William H. Jordan, Michael L. Hutton
Aβ Immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease. Preclinical studies demonstrate that plaque prevention is possible; however, the more relevant therapeutic removal of existing plaque has proven elusive. Monoclonal antibodies in development target both soluble and insoluble Aβ peptide. We hypothesized that antibody specificity for deposited plaque was critical for plaque removal since soluble Aβ peptide would block recognition of deposited forms. We developed a plaque-specific antibody that targets a modified Aβ peptide (Aβp3-42), which showed robust clearance of pre-existing plaque without causing microhemorrhage. Interestingly, a comparator N-terminal Aβ antibody 3D6, which binds both soluble and insoluble Aβ1-42, lacked efficacy for lowering existing plaque but manifested a significant microhemorrhage liability. Mechanistic studies suggested that the lack of efficacy for 3D6 was attributed to poor target engagement in plaques. These studies have profound implications for the development of therapeutic Aβ antibodies for Alzheimer's disease.