日本東京大學的研究人員日前說,，他們弄清了一種名為猩猩蠅的果蠅的腦部構造,，掌握了果蠅腦神經(jīng)干細胞分化發(fā)育形成神經(jīng)回路的詳細過程,。
據(jù)日本時事社報道,，東京大學分子細胞生物學研究所的一個研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，猩猩蠅大腦中心部位主要由106個神經(jīng)干細胞發(fā)育分化形成,。研究人員檢測每個神經(jīng)干細胞的分化發(fā)育狀態(tài)，成功追蹤了其中96個神經(jīng)干細胞的分化發(fā)育路徑,。
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),，每一個神經(jīng)干細胞會分化出被稱為“無性系單元”的神經(jīng)細胞群,，這些神經(jīng)細胞群相互組合形成腦神經(jīng)回路,，從而形成了大腦神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡,。神經(jīng)細胞群在腦的不同部位分布不均衡。
相關論文已發(fā)表在美國《當代生物學》雜志網(wǎng)絡版上。研究負責人伊藤啟說,，了解大腦整體的神經(jīng)干細胞“來龍去脈”,，可以成為研究復雜的神經(jīng)回路的基礎,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.03.015
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Systematic Analysis of Neural Projections Reveals Clonal Composition of the Drosophila Brain
Masayoshi Ito, Naoki Masuda, Kazunori Shinomiya, Keita Endo, Kei Ito
During development neurons are generated by sequential divisions of neural stem cells, or neuroblasts. In the insect brain progeny of certain stem cells form lineage-specific sets of projections that arborize in distinct brain regions, called clonal units. Though this raises the possibility that the entire neural network in the brain might be organized in a clone-dependent fashion, only a small portion of clones has been identified. Results Using Drosophila melanogaster, we randomly labeled one of about 100 stem cells at the beginning of the larval stage, analyzed the projection patterns of their progeny in the adult, and identified 96 clonal units in the central part of the fly brain, the cerebrum. Neurons of all the clones arborize in distinct regions of the brain, though many clones feature heterogeneous groups of neurons in terms of their projection patterns and neurotransmitters. Arborizations of clones overlap preferentially to form several groups of closely associated clones. Fascicles and commissures were all made by unique sets of clones. Whereas well-investigated brain regions such as the mushroom body and central complex consist of relatively small numbers of clones and are specifically connected with a limited number of neuropils, seemingly disorganized neuropils surrounding them are composed by a much larger number of clones and have extensive specific connections with many other neuropils. Conclusions Our study showed that the insect brain is formed by a composition of cell-lineage-dependent modules. Clonal analysis reveals organized architecture even in those neuropils without obvious structural landmarks.
underwent curative intent resection for gastric carcinoma from 1985 to 2010 were identified
