科學(xué)家報(bào)告說，如果出生就感染了艾滋病病毒的兒童在出生的頭一年接受高效抗逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒治療（HAART）,，他們就可能成功地接種麻疹和破傷風(fēng)疫苗,。健康兒童的免疫系統(tǒng)在出生的頭一年發(fā)育,，但是感染艾滋病病毒的兒童的免疫系統(tǒng)可能永遠(yuǎn)都不會(huì)充分發(fā)育,。
Simone Pensieroso及其同事證明了在出生頭一年用HAART抑制艾滋病病毒可以讓一名兒童發(fā)育出免疫接種必需的B細(xì)胞防御。這組作者分析了在一組70名出生就感染了艾滋病病毒兒童在接種疫苗后的B細(xì)胞數(shù)量和針對(duì)幾種常見病原體的抗體水平,，這些兒童或者在出生頭一年接受了HAART,，或者完全沒有,。這組作者發(fā)現(xiàn)，在出生的頭一年——而非之后或永遠(yuǎn)沒有——接受HAART的感染艾滋病病毒的兒童體內(nèi),，B細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)和針對(duì)麻疹和破傷風(fēng)的抗體滴度一直很高——超過了起保護(hù)作用所需的限度,。這組作者說，這些結(jié)果提示,，只要艾滋病病毒陽(yáng)性兒童盡早接受HAART,，免疫接種就可以在他們的身上起作用。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PNAS April 27, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0901702106
Timing of HAART defines the integrity of memory B cells and the longevity of humoral responses in HIV-1 vertically-infected children
Simone Pensierosoa,b,1, Alberto Cagigia,1, Paolo Palmab,c,1,2, Anna Nilssona,d, Claudia Capponic, Elio Fredab, Stefania Bernardic, Rigmor Thorstenssone, Francesca Chiodia and Paolo Rossib,c
aDepartments of aMicrobiology, Tumor and Cell Biology and
dWomen and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden;
bChair of Pediatrics, Department of Public Health, University of Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy;
cDivision of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ospedale Pediatrico “Bambino Gesù,” Rome 00165, Italy; and
eThe Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
Abstract
HIV-1 infection induces a progressive disruption of the B cell compartment impairing long-term immune responses to routine immunizations. Depletion of specific memory B cell pools occurs during the 1st stages of the infection and cannot be reestablished by antiretroviral treatment. We reasoned that an early control of viral replication through treatment could preserve the normal development of the memory B cell compartment and responses to routine childhood vaccines. Accordingly, we evaluated the effects of different highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) schedules in 70 HIV-1 vertically-infected pediatric subjects by B cell phenotypic analyses, antigen-specific B cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) and ELISA for common vaccination and HIV-1 antigens. Initiation of HAART within the 1st year of life permits the normal development and maintenance of the memory B cell compartment. On the contrary, memory B cells from patients treated later in time are remarkably reduced and their function is compromised regardless of viral control. A cause for concern is that both late-treated HIV-1 controllers and noncontrollers loose protective antibody titers against common vaccination antigens. Timing of HAART initiation is the major factor predicting the longevity of B cell responses in vaccinated HIV-1-infected children.
