目前的狂犬病疫苗的費用和低效導(dǎo)致需要重復(fù)接種，而且妨礙了根除狗的這種致命疾病的努力——特別是在發(fā)展中國家,?？茖W(xué)家如今朝著只需要接種1份的狂犬病疫苗的目標(biāo)又走近了一步。
Bernhard Dietzschold及其同事報告說,，一種重組DNA技術(shù)可以用于制造一種減毒活疫苗,，它可以保護(hù)接種者不受狂犬病感染，而且可以在感染后從腦中清除狂犬病,。在小鼠身上試驗的其他版本的狂犬病活疫苗導(dǎo)致了讓人無法接受的疾病高風(fēng)險,。然而，這種新疫苗甚至在出生5天的免疫系統(tǒng)未成熟的小鼠身上也不會導(dǎo)致該病,。這種稱為SPBAANGAS-GAS-GAS的疫苗也能保護(hù)成年和免疫缺損的小鼠接觸高毒力狂犬病毒株而不被感染,。盡管傳統(tǒng)的狂犬病暴露后治療需要多次注射疫苗，注射一次這種重組疫苗就可以清除小鼠大腦中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)的狂犬病感染,。這組作者說,，這種疫苗代表了一種預(yù)防、治療,、或許還能根除狂犬病的有希望的候選疫苗,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PNAS July 6, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0905640106
Effective preexposure and postexposure prophylaxis of rabies with a highly attenuated recombinant rabies virus
Milosz Fabera, Jianwei Lia, Rhonda B. Keanb, D. Craig Hooperb, Kishore R. Alugupallia and Bernhard Dietzscholda,1
aDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology and
bDepartment of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
Rabies remains an important public health problem with more than 95% of all human rabies cases caused by exposure to rabid dogs in areas where effective, inexpensive vaccines are unavailable. Because of their ability to induce strong innate and adaptive immune responses capable of clearing the infection from the CNS after a single immunization, live-attenuated rabies virus (RV) vaccines could be particularly useful not only for the global eradication of canine rabies but also for late-stage rabies postexposure prophylaxis of humans. To overcome concerns regarding the safety of live-attenuated RV vaccines, we developed the highly attenuated triple RV G variant, SPBAANGAS-GAS-GAS. In contrast to most attenuated recombinant RVs generated thus far, SPBAANGAS-GAS-GAS is completely nonpathogenic after intracranial infection of mice that are either developmentally immunocompromised (e.g., 5-day-old mice) or have inherited deficits in immune function (e.g., antibody production or type I IFN signaling), as well as normal adult animals. In addition, SPBAANGAS-GAS-GAS induces immune mechanisms capable of containing a CNS infection with pathogenic RV, thereby preventing lethal rabies encephalopathy. The lack of pathogenicity together with excellent immunogenicity and the capacity to deliver immune effectors to CNS tissues makes SPBAANGAS-GAS-GAS a promising vaccine candidate for both the preexposure and postexposure prophylaxis of rabies.
