法國科學(xué)家在美國最新一期《科學(xué)—轉(zhuǎn)化醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志上報(bào)告說,，他們開發(fā)出一種能預(yù)防丙型肝炎的疫苗,，動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)顯示這種疫苗有效,。
目前世界上通用的丙肝疫苗都屬于治療性疫苗,，還沒有疫苗能起到預(yù)防丙肝的作用。與甲肝和乙肝不同,，大多數(shù)人無法依靠自身的免疫系統(tǒng)清除丙肝病毒,，這是因?yàn)楸尾《驹谑艿饺梭w免疫系統(tǒng)攻擊后，會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)為更強(qiáng)大的變種,。
法國巴黎第六大學(xué)的科學(xué)家利用類病毒顆粒開發(fā)出一種丙肝疫苗,。類病毒顆粒和病毒相似，但不含有病毒的遺傳物質(zhì),，從而不具有傳染性,。這種疫苗被注入體內(nèi)后，類病毒顆粒會(huì)激發(fā)出一種免疫反應(yīng),，幫助身體產(chǎn)生對抗丙肝病毒的中和抗體,，該抗體能中和各種丙肝病毒變異株的感染性，從而起到預(yù)防作用,。
針對實(shí)驗(yàn)鼠和猴子的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,，這種疫苗對5種丙肝病毒變異株都有效，這意味著這種疫苗在對付丙肝病毒的其他變種時(shí)也應(yīng)該有效,?？茖W(xué)家表示，他們將于明年開展人體試驗(yàn),，以進(jìn)一步檢測疫苗在人體中是否也同樣有效,。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3002330
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PMID:
A Prime-Boost Strategy Using Virus-Like Particles Pseudotyped for HCV Proteins Triggers Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies in Macaques
Garrone, Pierre; Fluckiger, Anne-Catherine; Mangeot, Philippe E.; Gauthier, Emmanuel; Dupeyrot-Lacas, Pia; Mancip, Jimmy; Cangialosi, Arnaud; Du Chéné, Isaure; LeGrand, Roger; Mangeot, Isabelle; Lavillette, Dimitri; Bellier, Bertrand; Cosset, Fran?ois-Loic; Tangy, Frederic; Klatzmann, David; Dalba, Charlotte
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with its cohort of life-threatening complications, affects more than 200 millionpersons worldwide and has a prevalence of more than 10% in certain countries. Preventive and therapeutic vaccines againstHCV are thus much needed. Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are the foundation for successful disease prevention for most establishedvaccines. However, for viruses that cause chronic infection such as HIV or HCV, induction of broad NAbs from recombinant vaccineshas remained elusive. We developed a vaccine platform specifically aimed at inducing NAbs based on pseudotyped virus-likeparticles (VLPs) made with retroviral Gag. We report that VLPs pseudotyped with E2 and/or E1 HCV envelope glycoproteins inducedhigh-titer anti-E2 and/or anti-E1 antibodies, as well as NAbs, in both mouse and macaque. The NAbs, which were raised againstHCV 1a, cross-neutralized the five other genotypes tested (1b, 2a, 2b, 4, and 5). Thus, the described VLP platform, whichcan be pseudotyped with a vast array of virus envelope glycoproteins, represents a new approach to viral vaccine development.
