4月24日，世界衛(wèi)生組織與美國疾病控制和預(yù)防中心,、聯(lián)合國兒童基金會聯(lián)合宣布一項旨在消除麻疹致死病例以及先天性風疹的全球計劃,。
最新一期英國《柳葉刀》（Lancet）雜志刊登報告稱，免疫接種可減少麻疹致死病例。該研究顯示,，隨著免疫接種的不斷推廣,，全球因麻疹致死的人數(shù)從2000年的約53.53萬下降到了2010年的13.93萬，減少了74%,。
這一全球計劃希望通過五大措施實現(xiàn)以下目標：2015年將全球麻疹致死病例在2000年基礎(chǔ)上減少至少95%,，到2020年在世衛(wèi)組織至少5個大區(qū)徹底消除麻疹和風疹病例。
具體措施包括提高免疫接種覆蓋率,，通過實驗室支持的監(jiān)控手段監(jiān)測疾病傳播,，加強疾病暴發(fā)準備和應(yīng)對措施，提高知識普及和社區(qū)參與度以及進一步加強醫(yī)學研究等,。
這項全球計劃還鼓勵62個目前沒有進行風疹疫苗注射的國家利用它們的麻疹接種系統(tǒng),，將風疹免疫接種也納入其國家免疫計劃，通過一針聯(lián)合疫苗就可以使個人和家庭同時免受兩種疾病的威脅,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60522-4
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Assessment of the 2010 global measles mortality reduction goal: results from a model of surveillance data
Emily Simons MPH, Matthew Ferrari PhD , John Fricks PhD, Kathleen Wannemuehler PhD, Abhijeet Anand MBBS , Anthony Burton BS, Dr Peter Strebel MBChB
Background
In 2008 all WHO member states endorsed a target of 90% reduction in measles mortality by 2010 over 2000 levels. We developed a model to estimate progress made towards this goal.
Methods
We constructed a state-space model with population and immunisation coverage estimates and reported surveillance data to estimate annual national measles cases, distributed across age classes. We estimated deaths by applying age-specific and country-specific case-fatality ratios to estimated cases in each age-country class.
Findings
Estimated global measles mortality decreased 74% from 535 300 deaths (95% CI 347 200—976 400) in 2000 to 139 300 (71 200—447 800) in 2010. Measles mortality was reduced by more than three-quarters in all WHO regions except the WHO southeast Asia region. India accounted for 47% of estimated measles mortality in 2010, and the WHO African region accounted for 36%.
Interpretation
Despite rapid progress in measles control from 2000 to 2007, delayed implementation of accelerated disease control in India and continued outbreaks in Africa stalled momentum towards the 2010 global measles mortality reduction goal. Intensified control measures and renewed political and financial commitment are needed to achieve mortality reduction targets and lay the foundation for future global eradication of measles.
Funding
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PMS 5U66/IP000161).
