據(jù)5月29日的《科學(xué)》雜志報(bào)道說(shuō),，我們的皮膚是比人們從前認(rèn)為的更加多樣化的細(xì)菌的家園，而皮膚的局部環(huán)境（如潮濕并長(zhǎng)有毛發(fā)的腋下或干燥,、光滑的前臂等）都會(huì)影響在這些地方生長(zhǎng)的細(xì)菌的種類,。 這些發(fā)現(xiàn)所用的是采自健康人體的數(shù)據(jù),，它將給未來(lái)的有關(guān)細(xì)菌是如何引起諸如牛皮癬等皮膚疾病的研究提供重要的基線。
Elizabeth Grice及其同僚對(duì)人類自愿者20個(gè)不同部位的細(xì)菌進(jìn)行了采樣,，并用基因測(cè)序的方法來(lái)鑒別這些細(xì)菌,。這些取樣的位置代表了人體上差異巨大的生境，包括從干燥到潮濕到油性的部位,。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了18個(gè)不同的細(xì)菌門,。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)與傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)識(shí)形成了巨大的反差。傳統(tǒng)的看法是基于實(shí)驗(yàn)室中細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)的結(jié)果,，這些結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),，我們的皮膚是由葡萄球菌占主導(dǎo)地位的，而且沒(méi)有什么特別的差異,。 文章的作者報(bào)告說(shuō),，皮膚上細(xì)菌群落差異最大部位在前臂上，而差異最小的地方位于耳后,。 一般來(lái)說(shuō),，在個(gè)體之間的某一特定身體部位的細(xì)菌群落（如膝后）都較類似，但在某些不同身體部位之間的細(xì)菌群落則會(huì)存在極為極端的差異,。文章的作者寫道：“例如,，長(zhǎng)有毛發(fā)且潮濕的腋下部位與平滑、干燥的前臂之間的距離雖然很短,，但這兩個(gè)生境在生態(tài)學(xué)上的差異就像是雨林與沙漠之間的差異那樣大,。”（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Science 29 May 2009:DOI: 10.1126/science.1171700
Topographical and Temporal Diversity of the Human Skin Microbiome
Elizabeth A. Grice,1 Heidi H. Kong,2 Sean Conlan,1 Clayton B. Deming,1 Joie Davis,3 Alice C. Young,4 NISC Comparative Sequencing Program,4,* Gerard G. Bouffard,4,5 Robert W. Blakesley,4,5 Patrick R. Murray,6 Eric D. Green,4,5 Maria L. Turner,2 Julia A. Segre1,
Human skin is a large, heterogeneous organ that protects the body from pathogens while sustaining microorganisms that influence human health and disease. Our analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences obtained from 20 distinct skin sites of healthy humans revealed that physiologically comparable sites harbor similar bacterial communities. The complexity and stability of the microbial community are dependent on the specific characteristics of the skin site. This topographical and temporal survey provides a baseline for studies that examine the role of bacterial communities in disease states and the microbial interdependencies required to maintain healthy skin.
1 Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
2 Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
3 Office of Translational Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
4 NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
5 Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
6 Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
