美國新近一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)菌產(chǎn)生耐藥性的一種新機(jī)理,。研究人員稱,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)將有助于解決致病菌耐藥性的問題,。
來自紐約大學(xué)的研究人員在最新一期美國《科學(xué)》雜志上報告說,,很多抗生素藥物都會使細(xì)菌面臨氧化“壓力”,,從而導(dǎo)致細(xì)菌死亡。他們的新實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),,細(xì)菌內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的一氧化氮分子會緩解細(xì)菌的氧化“壓力”,,同時一氧化氮還會幫助“中和”抗生素中的許多抗菌化合物,,從而使細(xì)菌產(chǎn)生耐藥性,。
一氧化氮是一種由單個氧原子和氮原子組成的小分子。直到20多年前科學(xué)家們才發(fā)現(xiàn),,一氧化氮并不只是空氣中自然存在的一種氣體,,它還參與諸多生理活動,,比如它參與人體大腦學(xué)習(xí)和記憶過程,、血壓調(diào)控,、消化以及抵御感染等,。
紐約大學(xué)研究小組說,他們的最新研究結(jié)果表明,,利用一氧化氮合酶抑制劑可以抑制一氧化氮的合成,從而削弱細(xì)菌的耐藥性,。
長期服用某些抗生素容易導(dǎo)致許多致病菌產(chǎn)生耐藥性,,而開發(fā)新抗生素又面臨成本高和安全性等種種問題,。研究人員說,,新發(fā)現(xiàn)將有助于解決這一難題,提高現(xiàn)有抗生素的藥效,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Science 11 September 2009:DOI: 10.1126/science.1175439
Endogenous Nitric Oxide Protects Bacteria Against a Wide Spectrum of Antibiotics
Ivan Gusarov, Konstantin Shatalin, Marina Starodubtseva, Evgeny Nudler*
Bacterial nitric oxide synthases (bNOS) are present in many Gram-positive species and have been demonstrated to synthesize NO from arginine in vitro and in vivo. However, the physiological role of bNOS remains largely unknown. We show that NO generated by bNOS increases the resistance of bacteria to a broad spectrum of antibiotics, enabling the bacteria to survive and share habitats with antibiotic-producing microorganisms. NO-mediated resistance is achieved through both the chemical modification of toxic compounds and the alleviation of the oxidative stress imposed by many antibiotics. Our results suggest that the inhibition of NOS activity may increase the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy.
1 Department of Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA.